اثر تطبيق كيس الثلج مع الضغط المباشر في الوقاية من المضاعفات المبكرة بعد إزالة الغمد الفخذي للقسطرة القلبية

Effect of the Application of Ice Bag with Direct Pressure in the Prevention of Early Complications after Femoral Sheath Removal of Cardiac Catheterization

Abstract
Background: Cardiac catheterization is commonly used to diagnostic and therapeutic for acute coronary syndromes. The early complications of this procedure commonly lead to an increase hospitalization period and the costs .
Objective: To determine the effect of application an ice bag with direct pressure to prevent early complications (bleeding, hematoma, ecchymosis, pain, urinary retention, and back pain) after femoral sheath removal post-cardiac catheterization.
Method: An experimental study design, the study was completed with the participation of 60 patients (30 patients in each control and experimental groups) who underwent cardiac catheterization at the Karbala Center for Cardiac Diseases and Surgery from October 1st, 2021, to July 17th, 2022
Result: This study found that approximately 40% of participants were in the age groups of ≥ 60-69 years old, more than 76% of them were males and greater than 53 % were smoking. More than 20 % were classified as obesity class I in the experimental groups. Greater than 33% of the experimental group were suffering from hypertension and more than 56% were using heparin during cardiac catheterization. There were a differences in the bleeding severity, hematoma size, ecchymosis size, pain, urinary retention, and back pain intensity between the experimental and control groups at the different four measurements. The interventional protocol (application an ice bag with direct pressure) was able to reduce the incidence of early complications and getting early ambulation after applying the protocol.
Conclusion: According to the study’s results, the ice bag with direct pressure effectively to reduce the development of the early complications after the femoral sheath removal.