استجابه تركيبين وراثيين من الكجرات Hibiscus sabdariffa L لتوليفات Npk وتشخيص جيني CHSوF3H المسوله عن تخليق المركبات الفعاله طبيا

Respoones of to tow genotypes of Hibiscus sabdariff L to NPK combination and identification for the sunthesis of medically active compounds

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during the 2022 agricultural season in one of the experimental fields of Ibn Al-Bitar Vocational Preparatory School located in Kerbala Governorate, with the aim of studying the effect of NPK combinations on the growth, yield and active ingredient of two varieties of Roselle plant. The experiment was carried out in the order of factorial experiments, with three replicates, and with 42 experimental units, the area of the experimental unit. per 12 m2 according to a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with two factors. The first included combinations of NPK fertilizers according to the codes as follows: C0, C1= 25-25-50 of NPK kg ha-1, C2 = 50-50-75 kg ha-1, C3 = 75-75-100 kg ha-1, C4 = 100-100-125 kg ha-1, C5 = 125-125-150 kg ha-1, C6 = 150-150-175-kg ha-1. The second factor is the two types of Roselle plant: white (W) and red (R). The results showed the following: Several missense mutations have been identified in the CHS gene in the sequence of the white variety, in codons 23 and 61 (CCA → CCC and ATT → ATC, respectively) which encode the amino acids Pro → Leu and Ile → Ser.

As for the [F3H] gene, missense mutations of the same variety were also diagnosed in codons 80 and 100 (TTC → TTG and CCA → TCA, respectively), which encode for the amino acids (Leu → Phe and (Pro → Ser), as it was noted that these mutations may have caused the content of the variety white is one of the active substances. Silent mutations have also been recorded in the red variety for codons (23, 61, 80, 85, and 99) that encode amino acids (Pro, Ile, Cys, Pro, and Ser), in the [CHS] gene, as for the F3H gene in Codons (25, 62, 70, 82, 85, and 119) that code for amino acids (Val, Ala, Glu, Lys, Val, Leu).
The red variety excelled in most of the traits under study, such as growth traits (plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll content of leaves, weight of wet and dry shoots) and yield traits (number of nuts, fresh weight of nuts, total nut yield, and weight wet and dry calyces leaves, and the total yield of calyces leaves) and the superiority of the same variety in the concentration of nutrients in the Roselle plant (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein), as well as the superiority of the same variety in the content of calyces leaves of active substances (Vitamin C, Quercetin, Hibiscetin and Gossypetine).
The C5 and C6 combinations were superior in plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, total chlorophyll content, number of nuts, total nut yield, wet and dry weight of Roselle leaves, wet and dry yield of Roselle leaves, concentration of nitrogen, protein, phosphorus, and potassium, and content of Roselle leaves of the active substances Vitamin C, Quercetin, Hibiscetin, and Gossypetine. Combinations C3 and C4 were superior in terms of fresh and dry weight of nuts and leaf area of the plant.
The results also showed that there was a significant interaction between the genotypes of the Roselle plant and the fertilizer combinations, as the C5 and C6 combinations excelled in most of the traits under study