التحري عن بعض المؤشرات المناعية والدمية لمرضى داء الذئبة الاحمراري

Investigation of some immunological and hematological parameters in systemic Lupus Erythematosus patien

ABSTRACT

Systemic lupus is an autoimmune disease that affects the organs, tissues and cells of the body and can affect the skin, brain, blood vessels and ligament. There are several reasons for the onset of the disease that may be immune, genetic, hormonal, or environmental. The current study aims to determine the levels of some immune indicators of systemic lupus patients and the importance of these indicators both by diagnosing the disease and by determining the severity of the disease. The current study included 100 samples of women divided into two groups, the systemic lupus patients’ group of 54 and the healthy group of 46. Samples were collected from Medical City/Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Al-Amamin Al-Kadhimin Hospital in Baghdad governorate between January 2022 and July 2022. All pathological cases were diagnosed by specialist doctors and clinical diagnosis was performed in all pathological cases in accordance with the criteria approved by the American College of Rheumatology in terms of the availability of at least four indicators of the disease out of eleven indicators.
The current study showed differences between the four age groups in IL-17a, the rest of the immune indicators (C3, C4, IL-6) did not show significant differences with the age groups and at P≤0.05). According to the family history of the disease, there were high significant differences in relation to the non-hereditary disease depending on the patients’ samples under study at P≤0.05. There were also no significant differences in the level of blood pressure. As for the blood indicators, clear statistical differences were observed in the high rate of leukocytes for the patients group compared with the healthy respectively at (P≤0.05). significant differences have also emerged in the concentration of hemoglobin level for the patients’ group and healthy at (P≤0.01). For the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high-significant differences were observed between patients and healthy groups respectively at (P≤0.05). For red blood pellets and platelets, there are no statistical differences between the patient group and the healthy group.
For levels of complement proteins parts (C3, C4) C3 complement levels had differences between patients and healthy, and C4 levels had high significant differences at (P≤0.01). The results also showed significant differences in interleukin-6 for patients and healthy at P≤0.05. In the case of interleukin-17a, the differences between patients and healthy controls were non-significant, and the results of the double DNA antibody bar were a high concentration in patients compared to healthy with clear statistical differences at (P≤0.01). As for the condition of the disease activity, the patients were divided into active, moderate, inactive groups with the percentage respectively (16.67%, 31.48%, 51.85%). For the third complement part, there were no significant differences in the activity of the disease. The fourth complement appears with high statistical differences and a decrease in its concentration from top to bottom depending on the state of the disease’s activity, as for IL-6, significant differences were observed and increase in its concentration and the average was active, moderate, inactive in order (9.802, 4.045, 3.725) at P≤0.01. The results of the double strand DNA auto-antibodies were significantly differentiated and increased in its concentration from top to bottom at P≤0.05, Significant differences in IL-17a were observed between the totals of the disease’s groups.
From the results of the current study, it can be concluded that dsDNA antibodies are the best indicator of the presence of lupus erythematosus and can also support the diagnosis of the disease when there is a decrease in serum levels of C3 and C4. Moreover, dsDNA, IL-6 and IL-17a can be the most effective indicators of disease activity.