التقييم الحيوي لبعض العوامل الاحيائية والمركبات النانوية في السيطرة على عثة التمور Walker)) Ephestia cautella Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)) في ظروف المختبر

Bioassay evaluation of some biological agents and nanocomposites in the control of the date moth Ephestia cautella(Walker) Lepidoptera: Pyralidae in laboratory conditions

Abstract

A series of laboratory experiments was conducted to study the effect of the local isolate and the commercial preparation Naturalis-L of the fungus Beauveria bassiana, the commercial preparation of Antario KAB of the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis and nanocomposites on some aspects of the life of the date moth Ephestia cautella.
The effect of three different concentrations of the sporophyte of the studied fungi was tested (1 x 108, 1 x 106 and 1 x 104 spore/ml) and three concentrations of bacteria (0.5, 1, 1.5 g/L) on the percentage of mortality of incomplete roles and adults of the insect. The results showed that the commercial preparation of B. thuringiensis was significantly superior to the local fungal isolate and the commercial preparation of B. bassiana in giving the highest death rate after seven days of treatment. The results showed the superiority of the concentration (1×108 spore/ml) for the local isolate and the commercial preparation of the fungus. B. bassiana and the concentration (1.5 g/L) of the commercial bacterial preparation were significant in giving the highest percentage of death in all the different roles of the insect compared to the rest of the concentrations after 7 days of treatment, where the percentage of the whole insect killed with the commercial preparation of the studied mushrooms was (43.66%). And the percentage of whole mortality of the local isolate of the same fungus amounted to (50%) at the same concentration, and the percentage of whole death treated with the commercial bacterial preparation amounted to (36.66%) at a concentration of 1.5 g / liter.
The results of testing the effect of the sporophyte of the local isolate of B. bassiana and the commercial preparation Naturalis-L of the same fungus at a concentration (1 x 108 spores/ml) and bacteria at a concentration of (1.5 g/l) on the different roles of the date moth E. cautella, the results showed that the ages of The first larvae were more sensitive to infection with vital factors (bacteria and fungi), as the highest mortality rate was reached by treating bacteria in concentration (1.5 g/l) in eggs and first, second, third and fourth larval ages (53.33, 70, 60, 63.33). , 60, 63.33%), respectively. As for the fungi treatment, the results of the local isolate of B. bassiana showed that the mortality rate at a concentration of 1 x 108 spores/ml in the eggs and the first, second, third, fourth and fifth larval instars (53.33, 63.33, 63.33, 56.66, 46.66, 53.33%). Straight. As for the results of treating the incomplete instars at a concentration of 1 x 108 spores/ml with the commercial preparation Naturalis-L for B. bassiana, the mortality rate in the insect’s eggs and larval ages was first, second, third, fourth and fifth (63.33, 63.33, 70, 56.66, 50, 50%) respectively, as the results of the fungi and bacteria treatments showed significant differences between the concentrations used for each treatment and the time period, as it was found that the time period (7) days gave the highest percentage of death in all stages of the insect.
The results of the treatment of nanocomposites indicated through a set of laboratory experiments to evaluate the efficiency of three types of nanocomposites, which were zinc oxide nanoNPs (ZnoNPs), silicon oxide nanoparticles (SioNPs) and aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AloNPs) in their dry form in the percentage of mortality of the different stages of the date moth. Silicon oxide had the highest mortality rate of 100% in the first larval age at the concentration (200 mg/kg) compared with the rest of the larval ages in which the mortality rates ranged between (50%-73%) at the same concentration. As for eggs and adults, it gave the lowest percentage Destruction of (63.66, 50) respectively at higher concentration by silicon oxide treatment. The results showed that there were significant differences for the interactions between the treatments and concentrations of nanomaterials against the different roles of the insect.