التنظيم الدستوري للقيود الواردة على حرية النشاط الحزبي (دراسة مقارنة)

Constitutional Regulation of Restrictions on the Freedom of Party Activity (Comparative Study)

Abstract
The restrictions contained on the freedom of activity of political parties, the legal provisions regulating the affairs of political parties include several restrictions that must be avoided. Public liberties, including the freedom of partisan activity, are considered privileges for individuals in the face of public authority, and not just rights of individuals vis-à-vis each other.
Freedom is the most precious gift granted by the Creator to man after life, and without it his humanity is humiliated, and he is bound with the shackles of slavery – as it was in the past – and restricts his behavior and movement without an innate justification. It has holiness, which is supposed to be the law of God, which cannot be compromised with what He created, fortified and commanded to be respected. It is not permissible for anyone under the guise of claiming to be credited with creating or granting freedom, to object to it with any objection that disregards its sacred nature and the laws of instinct that God created people with. Of all the constitutions of the world, freedom is given the most attention, and it occupies a high place in the hearts of men.
For this reason, freedom, including freedom of partisan activity, was the first goal of tyrants. They want it for themselves and care for it over others. They take it exclusively for themselves and not people, and they make it available to others only a small amount. Thanks to the jihad of the weak and their adherence to their instinct, they tracked him down, waiting for him to have a bad fate, so the struggle for freedom and freedom of partisan activity was bitter. Humanity has lived since it found tyrants.
Therefore, there must be a guarantee. There is no doubt that the basic guarantee for the effective protection of freedoms, including the freedom of partisan activity, must start from the individuals themselves before any other party, because there is no point in any system established to protect freedoms, including the freedom of partisan activity unless individuals adhere to it and unless they have awareness. Political awareness and sufficient awareness of the exercise of freedoms, including the freedom of partisan activity within the limits of the constitution and the law.
The individual, in his relationship with the public authority, is the focus of public liberties, including the freedom of party activity. The individual’s enjoyment of his public freedoms represents a negative obligation on the shoulders of this authority not to infringe on public liberties, including the freedom of partisan activity, and by letting individuals exercise it without pressure from it. The state does not interfere by forcing individuals to exercise their freedoms nor Interfering by depriving them of them, provided that the public authority must have a positive attitude towards the exercise of freedoms, including the freedom of partisan activity, by providing ways to exercise them as much as possible and ensuring that they are not infringed.
The problem of the research is the extent to which constitutions recognize the freedom of partisan activity, regulate and restrict this freedom, determine the scope of freedom of partisan activity, and highlight the control over the freedom of partisan activity.
As for the research plan, we dealt with this subject in three chapters, the first chapter is the conceptual framework for the freedom of partisan activity, the second chapter is devoted to general restrictions on the freedom of partisan activity, and the third chapter is specific restrictions on the freedom of partisan activity.