الدور البايوكيميائي لبروتينات العظام وجهد الاكسدة في التهاب المفاصل الرثوي

Biochemical Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Oxidative Damage in the Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane that can lead to joint deformity and physical disability. The biomarkers that studied in RA were vary and they have significant role in the diagnosis, prognosis of treatment, monitorization of the disease activity, and prediction of the response to biologic therapy. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily and they induce the formation of cartilage and other connective tissues.it can induce bone formation in vitro and at heterotopic sites in vivo. It has been reported their largely important role in embryogenesis, early prenatal skeletal formation and development, further to their associated with a number of human skeletal disorders. This study was aimed to investigate the role of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in rheumatoid arthritis patients in relation to the standard and general markers for diagnostic the disease.
Material and method: divided into two group included a case control study of (100) subject: (60) patient withe rheumatoid arthritis and as, (40) healthy control group. patients with Rheumatoid arthritis were selected from the biological treatment centre at Marjan medical city in Babylon. Measurement of serum human bone morphological protein 2, Malondialdehyde level and Superoxide dismutase activity were performed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Technique. Quantitative measurement of Trace Elements and electrolytes were determined using Flameless Atomic absorption spectrophotometer method by the technique of Graphite Furnace (GFAAS).

Results: Hypernatremia, hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia were presented in RA patients. Decrease level of BMP2 was associated with RA, The median level of BMP2 in patients group was (0.15 ng/ml while in control was 2.95 ng/ml). Furthermore, results were indicated high levels of oxidative stress marker (MDA) and low antioxidant activity. Receiver operating characteristics analysis of BMP2 was also shown a specificity 57% and high sensitivity 95% towards rheumatoid arthritis with Area Under Curve (0.824) at an optimal threshold >0.12 ng/ml.
Conclusion: The study concluded that BMP2 and MDA/SOD ratio have relation with RA. It could provide a view of the complex phenomenon represented by key contributors to the disease outcome, and an increased awareness should be attributed to these biomarkers.