الدور الوقائي للمستخلص المائي الطبيعي والممغنط لجذور نبات الجزر Daucus carota ضد السمية الكبدية المستحثة بعقار الأسيتامينوفين acetaminophen في ذكور الجرذان البيض.

The protective role of natural and magnetic aqueous extract of Daucus carota roots against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in male white rats

The current study aims to know the protective role of the cold aqueous extract of the roots of the carrot plant Daucus carota L and magnetized water against functional and histological damage to the liver and kidneys and induced by acetaminophen in male albino rats norvegicus Rattus.
The current study was conducted for the period from mid-November 2022 to mid-April 2023 at the University of Karbala, College of Education for Pure Sciences / Department of Life Sciences / Post Graduate Studies Laboratory, where 48 adult male white rats were used in this experiment, weighing between (190-230) grams and ages between (9-12) weeks, regularly divided into six groups (6 animals per group), the first group (G1) was considered a negative control group that dosed 1 ml of plain water, and the second group (G2) Positive control Acetaminophen was dosed at 60 mg/kg body weight, Group III (G3) was dosed with carrot root aqueous extract at 200 mg/kg body weight, Group IV (G4) irrigated with magnetized water only, and Group V (G5) was dosed with carrot root aqueous extract at 200 mg/kg body weight three hours before acetaminophen was dosed at 60 mg/kg body weight, Group VI (G6) was dosed with carrot root magnetized aqueous extract at a concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight three hours before acetaminophen at 60 mg/kg body weight and irrigated with magnetized water instead of Tap water. After the end of the 30-day trial period, the animals were anesthetized with chloroform, blood was drawn directly from the heart, and the serum was separated by a centrifuge at a speed of 3000 cycles for 15 minutes, and some physiological standards were measured, which included:
Levels of liver enzymes Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanin transaminase (ALT), Alkalinephosphatase (ALP) and urea , creatinine , blood electrolytes represented by calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), potassium (K), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and measurement of lipid parameters represented by total cholesterol (TC) , high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), after blood was drawn the animals were explained and the liver was removed to study histologic changes.
After conducting the statistical study, the results showed that oral dosing of acetaminophen for a period of 30 days in the second group (G2) led to a significant increase in (P<0.01) in the level of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP), urea, creatinine, blood electrolytes (Ca, Na, K), (TC) and (LDL), and the presence of a significant decrease (P<0.01) in (SOD), (HDL) when compared with the negative control group (G1), and the appearance of histological changes in the liver represented by Congestion and expansion of the central vein, dilation of the sinusoids, infiltration of inflammatory cells around the portal vein with the appearance of kupffer cells, degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes.
Oral dosing of cold aqueous extract of carrot plant roots in group III (G3) led to limited physiological changes in functional parameters represented by a significant increase of (P<0.01) in the level of AST, SOD, HDL, Ca, compared to the negative control group (G1), and a significant decrease of (P<0.01) in the level of TC and LDL when compared with the negative control group (G1), and no histological changes were shown in the liver tissue when compared with the negative control group (G1).
The experiment also showed that the irrigation of animals with magnetized water in the fourth group (G4) led to physiological changes in the functional parameters represented by a significant increase in (P<0.01) in the level of SOD and HDL compared to the negative control group, and a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the level of TC and LDL when compared with the negative control group (G1), and no histological changes appeared in the liver tissue when compared with the negative control group (G1).
Oral dosing of cold aqueous extract of carrot roots and magnetized water in group V and VI (G6, G5) led to physiological changes in functional parameters represented by a significant decrease in (P<0.01) in the level of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP), urea, creatinine and blood electrolytes (Ca, Na, K) and TC, LDL when compared with the positive control group (G2), and the presence of a significant increase (P<0.01) in the level of SOD, HDL, when compared with the positive control group (G2).
The histological changes of the liver tissue in the fifth group (G5) were represented by the emergence of a slight congestion in the central vein with the expansion of the sinusoids and the regularity of part of the cords and hepatocytes , while in the sixth group (G6) the disappearance of central vein congestion and the regularity of the liver cords and hepatocytes and their nuclei where the tissue appears closer to the negative control group (G1).
We conclude from the current study that the cold aqueous extract of the roots of the carrot plant at a concentration of 200 mg / kg body weight and magnetized water has a protective role in reducing the toxicity resulting from the dosing of male white rat acetaminophen on the liver tissues and some functional criteria due to the presence of antioxidants in the roots of carrots.