تأثيرالاشعة السينية) (X-RAYS على الجهاز التنفسي والقلب في اناث الجرذان البيض (Albino rats) دراسة وظيفية و نسجية ووراثية

Effect of (X-Rays) on the Respiratory System and Heart of Female (Albino Rats), Physiological, Histological and Molecular Study

The present study was adopted to investigate the effect of chronic expossure of X-Ray on respiratory system and heart.

       Thirty adult of female rats were divided randomly into three groups (10/ groups) for two months, The first treatment considered as control group (T1), Second group (T2) was exposed to X-Ray (80 KV) along one meter /day for whole one month as well as the third group (T3) but for two months, blood samples were collected from the three treatments (group) after the determined period was done and the following physiological parameter were studied:-

      Total cholesterol concentration (TC) , Triglyceride concentration (TG) , The cholesterol and high density lipoprotein ( HDL-c) , Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) , Very low density lipoprotein _ Cholesterol (VLDL-c ) , Concentration level of malondilaldehyde (MDA) , Peroxynitrate (ONOO-) ,Concentration level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in addition to the blood smear concentration of Glucose , Iron and Troponine .

 The study also concerned to estimate the electrocardiograph and histological sections of Trachea, Lungs and heart.

The results of current study revealed:

– Significant increase (P < 0.05) in the concentration of  (TC, TG, LDL-c ,VLDL-c, MDA , ONOO^– , Troponin , Glucose  and Iron concentration , While there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration of HDL-c and GSH in the blood serum of (T2) & (T3)  as compared with (T1).

– A significant decrease (P<0.05) in RBC , PCV , Hb and Platelet while there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in WBC account in T2 and T3  as compared with T1.

ECG results showed bradycardia in T2 and T3 which is cleared by the elongation of R-R wave , the molecular study also revealed high genetic expiration of gene P53 of T2 &T3 groups which is not in control group.

      The results  of  histological section of trachea , lung and heart revealed the occurrence of destruction in the epithelial layer and hyaline cartilage in addition of blood congestion in rats exposed for one month (T2) and two months (T3) comparing with control group (T1) in trachea , while there was thickness in the wall of alveolar air with the appearance of edema , infiltration of inflammation , bleeding ,clotting and cells destruction in lungs and heart tissue in addition of fibrosis of all three organs tissue in group (T2) which is considered as late effects of acute injury . Molecular genetic study by Real time –PCR techniques was concluded increases in gene expression for gene P53 in the exposed group for one month (T2) and the group exposed for two months (T3) compared with the control group (T1) where a clear differences appear in the levels of the used gene in T2 Group and the existence of a significant high (organized high) estimated by (6.63fold change) compared with the T3 group, which reached (16.17fold change) comparing with the control group. As concluded from the present study that chronic exposure of X-Ray radiation leads to physiological, histological and molecular changes in respiratory system and heart of white Albino rats.