تأثير المستخلصات الخام لنبات البردقوش في نمو بعض خطوط الخلايا السرطانية والطبيعية خارج الجسم

Effect of the crude extracts of Organum Majorana Plant on the growth of some normal and cancerous cell lines in Vitro

Summary

The current study, which lasted for seven months, from November 2020 to April 2021, included a study of the cytotoxic effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Origanum Majorana leaves against three cell lines (two cancerous lines, human breast cancer AMJ13 cell line and human esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line). SK-GT-4 and a normal cell line is the human epithelial cell line HBL-100), using six concentrations of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the plant used in the study, which are half dilutions (200,100,50,25,12.5,6.25) μg/ml for three times Exposure is (72,48,24) hours. Inferential chemical detection was carried out to find out the active substances present in the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of marjoram leaves, as we found that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of marjoram leaves contain many active substances (tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenes or steroids, phenols).
The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Origanum Marjoram leaves were tested to detect the cytotoxic effect of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaves of the plant and for all six concentrations used in the human breast cancer line (AMJ13), which showed an increase in the percentage of inhibition of the growth of cancer cells during the three exposure periods (72). 24, 48) hours with significant differences at the probability level (P≤0.05) compared with the control, where the percentage rate of inhibition by the aqueous extract at the lowest used concentration ranged (6.25) μg/ml (1 ± 3%), (2 ± 8%). , (15.33% ± 2.08) respectively, and the percentage inhibition rate increased by the aqueous extract when using the concentration (200) μg/ml (2.5 ± 30.67%, (3.6 ± 52%), (74% ± 4.58), respectively. While the alcoholic extract was more efficient than the aqueous extract in its effect on the human breast cancer cell line (AMJ13), the percentage of cytosolic inhibition in the alcoholic extract also ranged when using the concentration (6.25) μg/ml (4%±1), (11.33% ± 1.52), (18% ± 2.64), respectively. The average percentage of cytostatic inhibition was increased by the alcoholic extract when using the concentration of (200) μg/ml (32% ±4.35), (56.67% ±8.14), (85% ±3), respectively.
As for the human esophageal cancer cell line (SK-GT-4), the average percentage of inhibition by the aqueous extract when using the concentration was (6.25) μg/ml at the three exposure times (72, 48, 24) hours (2 ± 3%), (8% ± 2), (14.33% ± 3.5), respectively. The percentage rate of inhibition by the aqueous extract increased when using the concentration (200) μg/ml (2.5 ± 27.66%), (4.5 ± 45.33%), (75.66% ±4.16) respectively. As for the alcoholic extract, its effect was on the human breast cancer cell line (AMJ13),
where the percentage rate of inhibition by the alcoholic extract also ranged when using the concentration (6.25) μg/ml (4.66% ± 0.57), (1.52 ± 11.33%) (6.5 ± 15.66%). Straight. The percentage of inhibition was increased by alcoholic extract when using the concentration (200) μg/ml (34.33% ± 3.04), (5.56 ± 56%), (2.5 ± 81.66%), respectively.
While the inhibitory effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Origanum Marjoram leaves on the normal human epithelial cell line HBL-100, was less toxic as the aqueous and alcoholic extract recorded very little inhibitory effect compared to the two cancerous lines (AMJ13 and (SK-GT-4), where At the concentration (6.25) μg/ml for the three exposure periods (72, 48, 24) hours, the percentage of inhibitory effect did not exceed (1.33% ± 0.57), (2.33% ± 0.57) ,(4.33% ±0.57) respectively. The percentage of inhibition by the aqueous extract when using the concentration (200) μg / ml was also not more than (1.15 ± 5.33%), (1.73 ± 7%), (0.57 ± 10.33%), respectively. As for the alcoholic extract, it was more toxic than the aqueous extract in its effect on the normal human epithelial cell line HBL-100, where the percentage of inhibition by the alcoholic extract also ranged when using the concentration (6.25) μg/ml (1 ± 2%), (2.66% ± 0.57) and (3.33% ±0.57) respectively. The percentage of inhibition was increased by the alcoholic extract when using the highest concentration (200) μg/ml (1.15 ± 6.33%), (8.66% ± 0.57), (10.66% ± 1.15), respectively.
We conclude from the above that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaves of the Origanum Majorana plant contain many active substances, which had a clear toxic effect on cancer cells for the human breast cancer cell line AMJ13 and the human esophageal cancer cell line SK-GT-4, as for the The normal cell line HBL-100 The percentage of cell growth inhibition was low compared to its effect on the two cancerous lines, indicating that it was safe on normal cells depending on the volume of concentration and the duration of exposure, and there was a positive direct relationship between the amount of concentration used and the percentage rate of cytostatic inhibition of the growth of cancer cells. Whereas, the higher the amount of concentration used, the higher the percentage of inhibition for all three exposure times (72,48,24) hours, as the concentration (200) μg / ml of the aqueous and alcoholic extract gave the highest rates of cytotoxicity and growth inhibition of cancer cells compared to the rest of the concentrations. Used in the study and for all three exposure times (72,48,24) hours.