تأثير المستخلص المائي للزبيب الاسود(Vitis vinifera L.) على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والنسجية لذكور الجرذ الأبيض المعاملة بكلوريد الكادميوم

Rp-Effect of Black Currant Aqueous Extract (Vitis vinifera L.) on Some Physiological and Histological Criteria for Male Albino Rat Induced Cadmium Chloride.pdf

The presented study aimed to know the black currant aqueous extract effect on some functional and histological criteria in albino male rats treated with cadmium chloride.The study was conducted at the animal house in University of Karbala / college of pharmacy during the period from the first of April to June in 2015. 35 adult albino male rats were randomly divided into seven groups included (5 animals per group). The first group G1 is a group of control oral intubation daily physiological salt solution (normal saline) for a period of two months and considered negative control group. The second group G2 oral intubation of cadmium chloride concentration of 3mg / kg of body weight and considered a positive control group. The third group G3 has been oral intubation of cadmium chloride concentration of 3 mg / kg of body weight and oral adminsteration the black currant aqueous extract a dose of 60 mg / kg of body weight per day for a period of two months, and the fourth group G4 oral intubation of cadmium chloride concentration of 5 mg / kg of body weight per day for two months, and the fifth group G5 oral intubation of cadmium chloride concentration of 5 mg / kg of body weight and oral intubation at the same time a the black currant aqueous extract a dose of 60 mg / kg of body weight per day for a period of two months, the group sixth G6 oral intubation of cadmium chloride concentration of 7 mg / kg of body weight every day for two months, the seventh G7 oral intubation of cadmium chloride concentration of 7 mg / kg of body weight and oral intubation of at the same time a the black currant aqueous extract a dose of 60 mg / kg of body weight per day for a period of two months.The blood samples collected  from all groups after oral intubation cadmium chloride and the black currant aqueous extract after two months of dosing for the study of the following criteria: measure the level of Hemoglobin (Hb), measure the number of Red Blood Cells count (R.B.C.), measuring the total number of White Blood Cells Count (W.B.Cs), measuring the free iron ,and measure Total Cholesterol (TC) concentration in the blood and Triglycerides (TG) and the concentration of the High Density Lipoproteins (HDL-C) and Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL-C) and Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL-C) and the level of effectiveness of the liver enzymes Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and measure the level of creatinine, and  urea, total protein and measure the level of an enzyme Glutathione and measuring  the levels  of Testosterone hormone and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). As well as taking histological sections of the liver and kidneys and the purpose of the study histological changes, after measuring the weights of these organs. The study reached the following results:

1. Results of the study showed that giving substance cadmium chloride to male albino rat led to a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the level of Alimoklopan Hb, and the number of red blood R.BCs and the level of iron free pellets,high moral( P <0.05) in the number of white blood cells WBCs compared to the control group. And get significantly higher (P <0.05) in the level of Hb and numbers of white blood cells R.BCs In iron heat significantly lower level (P <0.05) in the number of white blood cells WBCs in the transaction totals black currant aqueous extract compared aggregates treatment cadmium only, but this the totals did not reach the level of control is treated with cadmium.
2. Results of the study showed that giving cadmium chloride to male albino rat led to a significant increase P <0.05 in the concentration of total cholesterol TC, triglyceride TG, and a low-density lipoproteins LDL, and sessile very density lipoproteins VLDL and the level of effectiveness of liver enzymes AST and ALT, and significant decrease (P <0.05) in high density lipoproteins HDL, compared with the control, and obtain a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the concentration of total cholesterol TC, triglyceride TG, and a low-density lipoproteins LDL, and very low density lipoproteins VLDL and the level of effectiveness of the enzymes liver function AST, ALT, compared aggregates treatment cadmium chloride only However, this decrease did not reach the level of the control group, and the high moral P <0.05 in the concentration of high-density lipoproteins HDL in treatment groups with cadmium and black currant aqueous extract compared aggregates treatment cadmium chloride only, but this increase did not reach the level of the control group is treated with cadmium.
3. The results of the study indicated that the dosage animals substance cadmium chloride led to a significant increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of creatinine, urea, a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the total protein concentration compared with the control, a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the concentration of creatinine urea and rising significantly (P <0.05) in the total protein concentration in the transaction totals cadmium and treatment black currant aqueous extract compared aggregates treatment cadmium chloride only, but it did not reach the level of the control group.
4. The results indicated that the dosage animals substance cadmium chloride led to a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the concentration of Alglotathaaon and LH compared with the control, and high moral (P <0.05) in the concentration of Alglotathaaon and LH in the transaction totals cadmium chloride and treatment Black currant aqueous extract compared aggregates treatment cadmium chloride only and the control group, but for testosterone hormone  did not suffer any significant changes in its focus.
5. The results of the study showed that the dosage male albino rat cadmium chloride led to a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the liver ang kidney weights and the total compared with the control, and high moral P <0.05)) in liver weight and kidney treatment groups cadmium chloride and black currant aqueous extract compared aggregates cadmium chloride treatment only, but that did not rise up to the level of organ weights in the control group.
6. The results of the study showed that the oral dosage male albino rat cadmium chloride has led to changes in the only treatment cadmium animals livers compared with the control group, with congestion bloody shows in the gate area with the infiltration of inflammatory cells added to a simple vaculation in liver cells with the expansion of irregular Elchibanaat, water treatment black currant aqueous extract showed a protective effect for the liver showed the presence of infiltration of inflammatory cells simple and congestion in some liver sections of rats treated simple and vaculation and irregularity in Elchibanaat aggregates compared treatment and control cadmium only. As for college dosage cadmium chloride it has led to obtain a clear change compared with the control group, as shown by the bloody congestion and atrophy of the size of the glomerulus and vaculation with degeneration in the tubule and the presence of protein in the renal tubule and expanding portfolio of Bowman. Water treatment black currant aqueous extract showed a protective effect of the college through the reduction of degenerative changes compared aggregates cadmium chloride treatment only control group.

We conclude that the extent of the positive effect of  the black currant aqueous extract characterized by its free radical scavenging activity and neutralizing the damaging effect caused by cadmium chloride in the liver, kidney and hormonal system.