تأثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية الكحولية على خمائر .Candida spp المعزولة من الجهاز البولي التناسلي للنساء في مدينة كربلاء

Effect of some alcoholic plant extracts on Candida spp. isolated from the genitourinary system of women in Kerbala city

Abstract

Due to frequent infections with fungi and other microorganisms, it has been observed that in recent years there has been an increase in interest in medicinal plants and herbs by using them as main sources for the production of medicinal drugs or as a source of active substances that are included in the composition of medicine. They are also used as a raw material for the production of some chemical compounds. Many studies have shown that plant extracts have an effective effect in treating many different microbial infections, including fungal infections such as candida and others, and they have given good results.
Candida is one of the causes of infections of the urinary system and the reproductive system of women, but the excessive use of antifungals led to the emergence of drug resistance to these antifungals. Therefore, it was appropriate to search for antifungals from natural sources for several reasons: their cheapness, availability, lack of side effects, and suitability for use.
The current study included the collection of 75 samples from different clinical cases, 50 samples of vaginal swabs and 25 urine samples for women in the holy city of Karbala who suffer from vaginal infections and urinary tract infections.
The results showed that the percentage of fungal infection in vaginal swabs samples was 60%, and the non-fungal infection (bacterial infection) was 40%. In urine samples, the fungal infection rate was 44%, while the non-fungal infection was 56%.

The results in the current study recorded that Candida albicans reached the highest frequency of Candida glabrata , Candida tropicalis and Candida kefyr in urine samples and vaginal samples, with 26 isolates out of 41 isolates, and a percentage of 63.4%.
The results showed that there were isolates of C. albicans that were resistant to antifungals, there were 7 isolates resistant to fluconazole antifungal and one isolate was resistant to all antifungals.
The results of the current study showed that the use of different concentrations of oak plant (25, 50, 75, 100) mg / ml gave a good inhibitory effect, and the highest inhibitory effect of oak plant was at a concentration of 100 mg / ml on all studied yeasts, as the rate of inhibition was 6.66 mm on C. albicans, while the same concentration showed the highest inhibition rate of 7.00 mm on C. glabrata and lower than it on C. tropicalis with an inhibition rate of 5.33 mm, while the lowest inhibition rate was 4.33 mm on C. kefyr.
The results showed that the use of different concentrations of pomegranate peel plant (25, 50, 75, 100) mg / ml, but at a concentration of 100 mg / ml gave a very high and higher inhibitory activity than oak, the inhibition rate was 9.67 mm on C. albicans yeast While the same concentration showed the highest inhibition rate of 13.67 mm on C. glabrata and lower than it on C. tropicalis with an inhibition rate of 8.67 mm, while the lowest inhibition rate was 6.33 mm on C.kefyr.
When mixing oak extract with pomegranate peel extract, it gave a higher inhibitory activity than oak alone and less than pomegranate alone for all concentrations used on C. albicans yeast resistant to antifungals. The highest inhibition rate was 8.66 mm at a concentration of 100 mg/ml.
The results also showed that there is a clear synergy between the extract of pomegranate peel and the antifungal amphotericin B. When the extract was mixed at a concentration of 100 mg / ml with the antifungal at a concentration of 0.001 μg / ml , the inhibition rate was 18.33 mm on the isolate of C. albicans yeast resistant to anti-fungal, and this shows the high synergy between Pomegranate peel extract and the antifungal amphotericin B.
As for green tea leaf extract, it did not give any significant activity at a concentration of 100 mg / ml, as well as the rest of the concentrations and on all isolated yeasts.