تأثير تمرينات خاصة والتحميل الكاربوهيدراتي في بعض المتغيرات البيوكيميائية والقابليات البيوحركية ودقة أداء المهارات الأساسية للاعبي التنس تحت 18 سنة

RP-Effect of special exercises and Carbohydrate loading on some Biochemical variables, Biomotor abilities, and accuracy of performing basic .pdf

Abstract
Effect of special exercises and Carbohydrate loading on some Biochemical variables, Biomotor abilities, and accuracy of performing basic skills for tennis players under 18 years of age
Researcher Supervisors
Asaad Aliwi Jassim Prof. Dr. Ayad Nasser Hussein
Prof. Dr. Ahmed Mortada Abdel Hussein
University of Kerbala
College of Physical Education & Sport Science
2023
The modern training process is to develop the energy production system and the physiological variables accompanying it. The game of tennis depends on the anaerobic system due to the varied and high speed and strength in physical and skill performance, the necessity has emerged for coaches to use special exercises for playing, including those related to the tactical system and endurance for performance. Importance of research is studying the effect of special exercises for playing and loading carbohydrates on some biochemical variables, biomotor abilities, and the accuracy of performing basic skills for tennis players under 18 years of age, in order to raise the players’ physical and physiological level and the accuracy of performance of basic tennis skills, which contributes to developing the levels of players and enabling them to perform better results in competitions.
The aim of study to prepare special exercises and carbohydrate loading to identify the effect of special exercises and carbohydrate loading on some biochemical variables, biomotor abilities and accuracy of performing basic skills for tennis players under (18) years of age, to identify the preferential effect between control and experimental
groups on some biochemical variables, biomotor abilities and performance accuracy. Basic skills for tennis players under 18 years old.
The experimental method was used control and experimental groups with a pre- and post-test.
Research population was players under-18 of age at the Durrat Karbala Tennis Academy and participants in the activities of Iraqi Tennis Federation for the sports season (2022-2023), ten players, research community was divided into two groups, control and experimental, by a simple random method (lottery), with (5) players for each group, used special exercises and carbohydrate loading in competition method and with intensity (80-100%) in the high-intensity and repetitive interval training method. Researcher performed the special exercises prepared for 4 training units per week at a rate of (8) training weeks in the special preparation phase, where they were treated statistically using appropriate statistical methods.
The most important conclusions are the positive impact of the special exercises used on developing bio-motor capabilities (agility, coordination, speed endurance, strength endurance of the legs, performance endurance, and accuracy of performing the forehand, backhand, and serve) for the players of experimental research sample, and the special exercises and carbohydrate loading that the experimental research sample group applied by interval training method. High intensity and repetition led to the adaptation of muscle cells through an increase in the level of lactic acid accumulation, which led to an increase in the players’ ability to withstand this increase in accumulation and continue to perform for a longer period of time (performance endurance). The duration of independent variable, represented by the number of training units, was appropriate in creating adaptations. It expresses the extent of development of the research sample group in endurance for performance and the development of biochemical variables (lactic acid, LDH enzyme, blood pH) for tennis players under 18 years of age. The special exercises and carbohydrate loading prepared by researcher were appropriate for individuals of research sample, which led to development for individuals of sample group, there is a direct correlation between accumulation of lactic acid and the players’ ability to perform tennis-specific skills.