تاثير المخصب العضوي النانوي Optimus plus وموعد الرش في صفات النمو والحاصل والمادة الفعالة لنبات الكجرات

Effect of The Organic nano-particle Optimus plus and spraying dates on growth and Yield and effective material of Roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

A field experiment was carried out in one of the experimental fields of Ibn Al-Bitar Vocational School located in Al-Hussainiya district – Kerbala Governorate during the spring season 2020. to find out the effect of the concentrations and dates of spraying the nano organic fertilizer (Optimus Plus) on the growth and yield of Roselle plant and the content of the calyx leaves of the active medicinal substance, The experiment was carried out according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with the order of factorial experiments and with three replications. The first factors included different concentrations of the nanocomposite organic fertilizer, which are (0, 1, 2 and 3) ml L-1. the second factor included different stages of spraying the nano organic fertilizer (Optimus Plus), which is (spraying after a month of planting, spraying after two months of planting and spraying after three months of planting).
The results showed the superiority of the Optimus plus) 3ml L-1( nano-organic fertilizer treatment by giving the highest averages for characteristics of plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, percentage of chlorophyll, wet weight of vegetative group, number of nuts, wet weight of nuts, dry weight of nuts, total yield of nuts, wet weight of calyx leaves, dry weight of calyx leaves, total yield of calyx leaves, potassium, nitrogen and protein concentration and Gossypetine (177.16 cm, 10.27 branch.plant-1, 485.0 leaf.plant-1, 2.280 m2.plant-1, 43.32 SPAD, 3108 g plant-1, 121.76 nut plant-1, 1308.4 g plant-1, 375.6 g.plant-1, 10.015 Mg.ha-1, 637.3 g.plant-1, 65.22 g.plant-1, 1.739 Mg.ha-1, 1.84%, 1.45%, 9.10%, 267.4 µg.L-1) respectively, the treatment of the nano-organic fertilizer Optimus plus 2 ml L-1 was superior by giving the highest averages in dry weight of vegetative group, Vitamin C, Quercetin, Hibisceetin, Anthocyanin and Protocatechuic acid (1025 g.plant, 159.1 mg.L-1, 590.0 µg.L-1 , 466.3 µg.L-1, 17.23 mg.100 g-1 and 405.4 µg.L-1) in the calyx leaves.
The spraying date was exceeded after three months of planting by giving the highest averages for the characteristics of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, percentage of chlorophyll, fresh wet weight Vegetative , dry weight of the vegetative, number of nuts, wet weight of nuts, dry weight of nuts, total yield of nuts and wet weight of calyx leaves, the dry weight of the calyx leaves, the total yield of the calyx leaves, the concentration of potassium, nitrogen and protein, the content of the calyx leaves of Vitamin C, Hibiscetin, Gossypetine and Protocatechunic acid (176.51 cm,455.8 leaf.plant-1 ,1.670 m2.plant-1 , 39.97 SPAD and 2715 g.plant-1 , 936 g.plant-1 , 118.56 nut.plant-1 ,1135 g.plant-1 , 353.9 g.plant-1 , 9.438 Mg.ha-1 , 467.2 g.plant-1, 52.83 g.plant-1, 1.409 Mg ha-1, 1.84%, 1.29%, 8.07%, 159.4 mg. L-1, 467.3 µg.L-1, 266.82 µg.L-1and 398.2 µg.L-1).
The interaction treatments of Optimus plus nano-organic fertilizer is (2 ml. L-1) with spraying date three months after planting exceeded for by giving the highest rates characteristics for plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll, wet weight of the vegetative group, number of nuts, wet weight of nuts, wet weight of calyx leaves, dry weight of calyx leaves, total yield of calyx leaves, nitrogen concentration and protein percentage (185.30cm,511.5 leaf plant-1, 2.595 m2plant-1,45.26 SPAD, 3368 g plant-1,123.10 nut plant-1 ,660.7g plant-1,68.00 g plant-1, 1.813 Mg ha-1, 1.63% and 10.21%).
The overlap interaction treatments of Optimus plus nano-organic fertilizer 2 ml L-1 with spraying date after three months of planting exceeded by giving the highest concentration of Vitamin C in calyx leaves, dry weight of nuts, total yield of nuts, Quercetin concentration, Gossypetine concentration, Anthocyanin pigment concentration and Protocatechunic acid concentration (163.4 mg.L-1 and 414g plant-1, 11.049 Mg L-1, 595.2 µg L-1, 271.3 µg L-1, 17.45 mg 100 g, 412.9 µg L-1 )