تحديد مستوى بعض المعايير المناعية ونوع الاصابات البكتيرية لذوي الوزن الزائد من مرضى السكري

Determination of the Level of Some Immunological Markers and the Type of Bacterial Infections for Overweight Diabetic Patients

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder caused by issues with insulin manufacturing, is defined by a sustained increase in blood glucose levels and a malfunction in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. The prevalence of diabetes is rising globally as a result of factors like advancing age, urbanization, obesity, and inaction on the part of the body.
The current investigation was carried out in the provinces of Kerbela in period from February to June on 2022. A total of 50 blood and urine samples were collected, with 40 coming from children with Type 1 Diabetes mellitus and 10 from controls who were all male and between the ages of 5–15. The patients were distributed into four group: group A children who are normal weight and have a urinary tract infection; group B children who are overweight with urinary tract infection group C children who are normal weight but do not have a urinary tract infection and group D children who are overweight but do not have a urinary tract infection. The flow cytometry approach was employed to examine the impact of diabetes, BMI, and bacterial infection on the proportion of Bcell, Breg, and expression of CD80 in Breg blood. The measurements of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase, C-peptide, liver enzyme levels, lipid profiles, and renal function were made
In the current investigation, 20 bacterial infections with various types bacteria, which cause urinary tract infections in people with type 1 Diabetes mellitus were noted. The biochemical test and Vitek system were used to identify the bacterial isolates.
The results showed the percentage of B10 and CD80+B cells in type1 Diabetes mellitus patients was much lower than it was in controls, according to the data. and the greatest decline among people with bacterial infections who are overweight.
Furthermore, the results showed that both groups of patients with overweight and those with normal weight have bacterial infection had lower levels of C-peptide than those without bacterial illnesses. An increase in the anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in the pathological samples compared to the control and the most increase in overweight patients with bacterial infection.
Finally, according to the findings, the levels of the Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST) enzymes were lower in diabetic patients compared to those in the control group who were in good health, with the level of the enzymes falling by the greatest amounts in both those who were overweight and bacterial infections. We observe that the level of decline increases as the disease progresses over longer periods of time. Age-related decline may be more pronounced and result in difficulties for individuals. In comparison to patients in groups D and C, the findings demonstrated a significant increase in the Total Serum Bilirubin in overweight diabetic patients with bacterial infection. The levels of the enzyme’s triglycerides, Cholesterolis, Non-HDL Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein were higher in the patient groups than in the control group, and there was a significant increase in the overweight diabetic patients who also had bacterial infections for both the Cholesterolis and A triglycerides.
It can be concluded that the BMI, particularly in diabetic individuals, and bacterial infections, together, suppress the adaptive immune response Bcell, Breg, expression of CD80 on Breg.