تقييم الدور العلاجي لجزيئات الذهب النانوية على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والنسجية لذكور الجرذان المستحثة بالستربتوزوتوسين

Evaluation of the therapeutic role of nanoparticles of gold on some vesal and tissue criteria for male rat-induced sterptozotosin

Our study aimed to investigate how gold nanoparticles affected several physiological and histological markers in male white rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.
The current investigation was carried out in the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine – University of Karbala, with 40 male rats randomly divided into four groups (10 animals per group). The first G1 was used as a control group and was given a physiological solution daily for two months, while the second G2 was induced with diabetic mellitus through injected with streptozotocin at a dose of (60 mg/kg) of body weight under the peritoneum, while the third G3 and fourth G4 groups were induced diabetes by injecting them with streptozotocin, and it was administered orally one month after diabetes induction with a solution of gold nanoparticles at a dose of (10, 5 mg/kg) of body weight per day for a month respectively.
Before the induction of diabetes, blood samples were collected from all groups, and a month later, the treatment was carried out using a solution of gold nanoparticles to evaluate the following parameters: assessing the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine in the blood, as well as collecting tissue samples of the liver, kidney, and pancreas to evaluate histological alterations.
The current study found that inducing diabetes mellitus in white male rats resulted in a significant increase (P< 0.01) in the concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine in the blood, and a significant decrease (P< 0.01) in the concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine in groups treated with gold nanoparticles solution compared to the control group.
The results showed a significant decrease in body weight (0.01P) for the group of rats treated with streptozotocin, whereas the body weight of the rat group that treated with gold nanoparticles increased at a concentration of (10 mg/kg), indicating the therapeutic ability of gold nanoparticles at high concentrations.
The study’s findings revealed that inducing diabetic mellitus in male albino rats resulted in abnormalities in the livers of the animals as compared to the healthy control group. Hemorrhage in the central vein was seen, and irregularity of hepatocytes radially around the central vein, also presence of many small-sized fatty droplets inside the hepatocytes, and presence of many pyknotic nuclei, and congestion in the central vein.
The results showed a significant decrease in body weight (P< 0.01) for the group of rats treated with streptozotocin, whereas the body weight of the rat group that treated with gold nanoparticles increased at a concentration of (10 mg/kg), indicating the therapeutic ability of gold nanoparticles at high concentrations.
The study’s findings revealed that inducing diabetic mellitus in male albino rats resulted in abnormalities in the livers of the animals as compared to control group. Bleeding in the central vein was seen, and irregularity of hepatocytes radially around the central vein, also presence of many small-sized fatty droplets inside the hepatocytes, and presence of many pyknotic nuclei, and congestion in the central vein.
Group treated with a solution of gold nanoparticles (5 mm/kg) resulted in the absence of fat droplets and the restoration of the normal radial arrangement of hepatocytes around the central vein, despite the presence untreated tissue congestion. The treated groups had a gold nanoparticles solution concentration of (10 mm/kg), the liver tissue resumed its usual form, and the hepatocytes re-appeared and re-arranged radially around the hepatic lobule’s central vein, While the induction of diabetes mellitus resulted in alterations in the kidneys of diabetic animals compared to the control group, as it indicates an expansion of the kidney tubules and have a materials protein hayline cast .
Groups treated with gold nanoparticles solution demonstrated a concentration (5 mm/kg) of rat kidney tissue, glomerulus, and normal renal cells, whereas other sections demonstrated histological changes such as inflammation and congestion in the core, demonstrating that the concentration (5 mg/kg) slightly treated changes caused by diabetes induction with a substance streptozotocin.
Groups treated with a solution of gold nanoparticles (10 mg/kg) demonstrated that the renal glomeruli are normal, but many renal tubules are still dilated, there is no bleeding, and there is no hyaline cast in the renal tubules.
While diabetes mellitus induction caused alterations in the pancreas, such as bleeding in some pancreatic cells, and the islets of Langerhans seemed to be tiny in size and missing their typical structure.
The groups treated with a gold nanoparticle solution demonstrated (5 mg/kg) normal structure of the islets of Langerhans and the absence of bleeding in pancreatic tissue.
While it was noted that after treatment with a solution containing gold nanoparticles (10 mg/kg), Langerhans islets regained their normal size and some are semi-normal of medium size, with alpha cells being peripheral and beta cells being in the middle.
Based on the findings, we may conclude that using gold nanoparticles as a treatment for streptozotocin-induced diabetes restored physiological and histological parameters to normal levels.