تقييم بعض الهرمونات والدهون وتركيز المؤكسدات / مضادات الأكسدة في مرضى السكري من النوع الأول في محافظة كربلاء

Evaluation of Some Hormones, Lipid Profile and Oxidant/Antioxidant Concentration in The Type Ι Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Karbala Province

Summary
Diabetes mellitus a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both can be broadly categorized into type I diabetes mellitus (destruction of pancreatic beta cells, causing absolute deficiency of insulin), type II diabetes mellitus (a combination of decreased insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity (i.e. insulin resistance), gestational diabetes mellitus , other specific types of diabetes mellitus.
A study has been conducted during 6 months between November/2021 and April/2022 in Al-Hassan centre for diabetes and endocrinology in Al-Husain medical city of Karbala. The total number of participants are (240) person include (150) patients with type I diabetes mellitus (TΙDM), the males (54) (36 %), the females 96 (64%) and (90) healthy control group, males (36) (40%), females (54) (60%). 5 ml sample of venous blood was obtained from patients and healthy. In addition to, some information was taken from each person which includes (age, gender, duration history of disease, length and weight). ABO group, glucose and lipid profile was done by manual kit and auto chemistry analyzer, hemoglobin analyzer to measure HbA1c. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests to measure MDA and GSH and hormones (Leptin, Ghrelin, Obestatin and CCK). All the measurement was done in Al Naqaa privet laboratory, except for the HbA1c which were done in the Al- Hassan Center.
In our study observed, the highest rate of age group in patients with T1DM in (12-17) years (48%) and (18-23) years (16%) confirms that high percentage of patients are children and adolescents. Also the most patients recorded in this study is a females and their percentage was (64%) while the males was (36%) confirms the most patients were diagnosed with diabetes are female this result demonstrated a relationship between gender and type I diabetes. also showed a correlation between weight, height and body mass index (BMI) with gender. The considerable percentage of blood group for patients was showed in O (48%) and A (25.43%). Furthermore, observed increase in level of HbA1c and glucose concentrations in diabetic patients especially in females than males compared to the control group.
Also observed significant increase in concentrations of serum (MDA) and significant decreased in (GSH) concentrations in patients with T1DM compared to control. There has been a significant increase in concentrations of each one of the hormones (Leptin, Ghrelin, Obestatin and CCK) in patient’s females than males when compared with control. also observed a significant increase in the levels of total TC, TG, LDL and VLDL and a considerable decrease in levels of HDL in patients when compared with control, the rise in the lipid profile showed in females larger than males. This study clarified a several relationships between the physiological parameters in patients’ group, there were significant positive correlation between age with duration, height, weight and BMI, also found positive correlation between TC with TG and LDL and positive correlation between TG and VLDL. In addition to, positive correlation between CCK with leptin, Ghrelin, Obestatin and MDA, also there has been a positive correlation between leptin and both Ghrelin, Obestatin and MDA.