تقييم تأثير الكريسين النانوي على مستويات العلامات الالتهابية والأكسدة لدى النساء العراقيات المصابات بالتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي (دراسة مخبرية)

Evaluating the Effects of Nano-Formulated Chrysin on The Inflammatory and Oxidative Markers Levels in Iraq Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis (in vitro study)

Absract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and progressive joint destruction. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid, has shown promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in various studies. However, the therapeutic potential of HA-encapsulated nano-formulated chrysin in RA has not been widely explored, especially in Iraqi women. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of HA-encapsulated nano-formulated chrysin on inflammatory and oxidative markers in Iraqi women with RA.
Aims The research endeavor is focused on formulating and assessing the effect of chrysin nanoparticles on inflammation, oxidative stress, and gene expression levels in patients afflicted with RA.
Methods A case-control study was conducted at Imam Hassan Al-Mujtaba Hospital and Marjan Medical Hospital from mid-October 2023 to March 2024, which included 130 females divided into 70 rheumatoid arthritis cases and 60 apparently healthy controls. The rheumatoid arthritis group was split into 35 non-obese and 35 obese. Age groups matched the study and 5 ml of venous blood was collected from rheumatoid arthritis patients. The study was divided into three parts. The first part evaluated the levels of TNF-α, IL-10, NO, SOD, FRAP and lipids in rheumatoid arthritis. The blood lipid profile was examined and ELISA system to detect the level of TNF-α, NO, IL-10, SOD and FRAP. The second part, after blood component separation using Ficoll and extraction of peripheral blood cells, in vitro investigated the structural features of chrysin-loaded and hyaluronic acid-coated nanoparticles as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents and demonstrated their effects on the study markers of peripheral blood cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients. The properties of the nanoparticles were measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), various AFM, MTT and DLS techniques. The third part was to evaluate the effect of chrysin-loaded and hyaluronic acid-coated nanoparticles on the gene expression of various genes including MPP9 and TIMP1 Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.
Result The study showed an increase in lipid profile levels, especially in the obese group with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as an increase in TNF-α, IL-10, NO, and MMP9 genes. In addition, patients showed a decrease in HDL-C, antioxidants, and TIMP1 gene levels. The effect of hyaluronic acid-coated chrysin nanoparticles was clear on the study markers as well as gene expression, as chrysin nanoparticles reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress, increased TIMP1 gene expression, and decreased MMP9 gene expression.
Conclusion The study concluded that inflammatory, oxidative, and antioxidant markers are valuable biomarkers for diagnosing RA. Specifically, it highlighted the therapeutic efficacy of hyaluronic acid-coated chrysin nanoparticles in significantly reducing inflammatory and oxidative markers while enhancing antioxidant markers. This underscores the potential of such nano-formulations in managing RA by addressing the underlying oxidative stress and inflammation associated with the disease.