تقييم فاعلية بعض المستخلصات النباتية في نمو بعض الفطريات الممرضة

Evaluation of the Activity of Some Plant Extracts Against Some Pathogenic Fungi

The study was included the preparation of aqueous extracts (by using disttiled water ) , alcoholic extracts (by using of ethanol 95%) and acetone extracts (by using of acetone 70%) of some local plants (Sesamum indicum , Citrullus colocynthis S. ,rhizomes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum ), Heracleum sphonylium and the flowers of Nerium oleander )to investigated of their antifungal efficacy against some of human pathogenic fungi, Which included:

• Trichophyton mentagrophytes
• Trichophyton rubrum
• Epidermophyton floccosum
• Aspergillus niger

    The antifungal activity which done by poisoned food technique at different concentrations (3,5,7,10,15,20)%(v/v) to evaluate  the activity of plant extracts against the fungi isolets , an inhibitory percentage was determinated, then the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was estimated for each plant extract against the fungi . Among the solvent extracts tested, alcoholic extract gave more effective than acetone and aqueous extracts for all plant samples. The four isolates differed with regard to their susceptibility to plant extracts, T.rubrum was the most susceptible, followed by E.floccosum, T.mentagrophytes and A.niger respectively.

   The results indicated that alcoholic extract of Sesamum indicum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Curcuma longa were exhibited higher antifungal activity. The MIC value of alcoholic extract of Sesame (8,4,8,13)%(v/v) against T.mentagrophytes ,E.floccosum, A.niger, T.rubrum respectively. The MIC value of a then the extracts of alcoholic extract of Cinnamon bark (2,8,4,14)%(v/v) against the fungi respectively ,while the MIC value of alcoholic extract of Turmeric rhizomes (8,6,9,13)%(v/v) against the isolates respectively, contrast to the  Heracleum sphondylium, Citrullus colocynthis seeds in the flowers of Nerium oleander which give a lower activity.

      According to the previous results, , the study attempted to some of active constituents of plants by using many chemical reagents. The phytochemical tests revealed that all plants containd Carbohydrates and Resins and all this except the  Nerium oleander contained of Alkaloids.

   Sesamum indicum seeds contained Flavonoids, Tannins and Fuocoumarins , while Citrullus colocynthis seeds contained Flavonoids , Saponins , Fuocoumarins and Glycosides . The Turmeric rhizomes contained Flavonoids and Saponins , the presence of Saponins and Tannins were detected in the powder of Cinnamon.The Heracleum sphondylium contained Flavonoids, Tannins and Fuocoumarins , while the flowers of Nerium oleander contained Tannins, Flavonoids, Fuocoumarins and Glycosides.