تقييم فعالية الزيوت الطيارة والمستخلصات المائية الباردة لنباتي شجرة الشاي Melaleuca alternifolia والورد الدمشقي Rosa domascena ومقارنتها بعلاج البندازول ضد الرؤيسات الاولية لطفيلي الاكياس المائية Echinococus granulosus

Evaluating the effectiveness of volatile oils and cold aqueous extracts of Melaleuca alternifolia and Rosa domascena and comparing them with albendazole treatment against the protoscolex of the aquatic cyst parasite Echinococus granulosus

Abstract

The current study was conducted for the period from 12/1/2022 to 8/1/2023 in the Department of Biology / College of Education for Pure Sciences / University of Karbala. The study included the effect and therapeutic efficacy of the volatile oil extract and the cold aqueous extract of the tea tree and Damascus rose plants against the protoscolex of the hydatid cyst parasite Echinococcus granulosus. In order to find an effective and safe treatment to get rid of the disease caused by this parasite, the effect of these plant extracts was tested on the protoscolex taken from the livers of sheep infected in Karbala Governorate.
Four concentrations of each volatile oil or cold aqueous extract were taken (10,000, 5,000, 2500, 1,250) ppm. The treatment was done individually for each extract, whether volatile oil or cold aqueous, as well as in a synergistic manner, as the initial concentrations were calculated in a volume of 10 microliters of liquid. Al-Adri before and after treatment for several times and compared with the effect of albendazole treatment. Two methods were also tested in extracting the primary shoots to find out which of the two methods is more effective in preserving their vitality. The first method is the method of the scientist Smith and the second method is the one that was followed in this study. The results showed high effectiveness of the extract of the volatile oil of the tea tree and the oil of the Damascus rose individually and Taken together, the most effective concentration was 10,000 ppm for the two oils together, as it took 10 minutes to kill all the protoscolex, while the aqueous extracts gave weak results compared to the volatile oil. The most effective concentration was 10,000 ppm for the aqueous extract of the tea tree, which took 24 hours to kill all the protoscolex, while the rest of the concentrations lost it gave adverse results, as in the aqueous extract of the Damascus rose, as it extended the life of the primary shoots beyond the normal duration of their original lifespan. Scientist Smith’s method showed that the protozoans remained alive for 84 hours, while in the method used in this study, they remained alive for 62 hours at a temperature of 37 degrees Celsius. The deaths caused by the essential oils of the two plants result from the active substances they contain, which affect the mitochondrial membranes in the parasite’s cells, causing programmed cell death. The results given by the volatile oils of these two plants nominate them to be a potential treatment for Echinococcosis granulosus after they have been clinically proven