تقييم فعالية بعض المستخلصات المائية لنباتات الهيل و الليمون الاسود والبستج في ذكور الارانب المستحث فيها داء السكري

Evaluation of the effectiveness of some aqueous extracts of Cardamom, Black lemon and Frankincense plants in male rabbits induced with diabetes

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the plant aqueous extract of plant parts (Elettaria cardamomum, Citrus aurantifolia, pistachio or Bswellia sacra) mixed together on some physiological, functional and histological parameters of male New Zealand rabbits associated with diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan for the purpose of knowing the therapeutic effects after Dosing with these extracts.
The study was conducted in the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine – University of Karbala, extending from October of the year 2020 AD until the month of April of the year 2021 AD, 30 rabbits were used, divided into 10 groups (three rabbits for each group), as one group was considered a group Negative control was given physiological saline solution, while a second group was considered as a positive control group in which diabetes mellitus was induced after being injected with Alloxan at a dose (100 mg kg-1) of body weight through the marginal ear vein in two doses, while groups (G1 to G8) were considered Treated groups after the development of diabetes with Alloxan in the same way and then dosed after a period of 14 days from the induction of diabetes with aqueous plant extracts of plants (cardamom, black lemon and pistachio) and for the triple and binary types with their concentrations (250 and 500 mg kg-1 ) of body weight for a period of 14 days.
Animal weights were recorded and blood samples were collected from all groups before induction of diabetes, after 14 days of induction of diabetes, and after 14 days of dosing with aqueous plant extracts to study the following criteria:
The picture of lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density protein, low-density protein and very low-density protein) and antioxidants (glutathione and lipid peroxidation).
As well as taking tissue sections from the liver, kidney and pancreas for the purpose of studying the changes in nature, and also took the weights of organs to study the changes taking place.
The results of the current study showed the following:
The introduction of diabetes mellitus in rabbits led to a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the weights of the animals compared to the negative control group, while it was found that the aqueous plant extracts showed an improvement in the weights of the animals.
Also, it was found that there was a significant (P˂0.05) increase in the level of glucose in the blood of the animals compared to the negative control group, while between the aqueous plant extracts there was a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the level of glucose in the blood of the animals.
Also, an increase in the level of (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density protein and very low-density protein) with a decrease in the level of high-density protein, on the other hand, it was noted that the plant aqueous extracts showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the level of cholesterol. TC, also a significant decrease (P˃0.05) in the level of TG triglycerides, also a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the level of HDL, on the other hand a significant decrease in LDL level and a non-significant decrease (P˃0.05) in The level of VLDL after dosing with plant extracts in comparison with the positive control group.
The study also showed that the introduction of diabetes mellitus in animals led to a non-significant (P˃0.05) decrease in liver weights and an insignificant (P˃0.05) increase in kidney weights compared with the negative control group after comparing it with the meal control group.
On the other hand, the results showed the levels of antioxidants (glutathione GSH and lipid oxidation measurement) and there was a non-significant decrease (P˃0.05) in the level of glutathione after the development of diabetes mellitus, while the use of the extracts caused an insignificant increase in the level of glutathione, while it was noted that there is a non-significant increase (P˃0.05) in the level of LPO when comparing the negative and positive control group, while dosing with the extracts led to a non-significant (P˃0.05) decrease in the level of lipid peroxide.
The results of the study also showed that the development of diabetes mellitus in the experimental animals led to changes in the liver and kidneys of the affected animals compared to the negative control group, such as the presence (loss of radial appearance, venous sinusoids, ruptures in the cytoplasm, cell enlargement, thickening of the nuclei). The presence of steatosis, necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the affected liver tissues) and (the presence of bloody hemorrhage and congestion within the renal glomeruli, accumulation of protein substances, dilatation within the renal tubules (callus), infiltration of lymphocytes, ductuli, necrosis, expansion between the glomeruli and their wallets The surrounding cells and the presence of hemorrhage in the kidney tissues (and) shrinkage in the islets of Langerhans, the cells are irregular, the cells of the external secretion are irregular in shape, the shape of the channels between the lobes is noticeable, a clear expansion is observed, necrosis around the cells of Langerhans and a rupture in some cells in the tissues of the pancreas ) . On the other hand, the study showed an improvement in the level of tissues of the liver, kidney and pancreas after dosing with aqueous plant extracts compared to the positive control group.