تقييم مستويات بعض علامات انحلال الدم Visfatin، sVcam-1 في الحالة المستقرة والأزمات لمرضى فقر الدم المنجلي وعلاقتها بأعتلالات الاوعية الدموية

Evaluation the Level of Some Hemolysis Markers Visfatin, sVcam-1 in Steady and Crisis State of Sickle Cell Anemia Patients and Related with Vasculopathy

Summary
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a known hematological disorder that arises from a single point mutation in codon 6 of the β-globin gene that results in a glutamic acid to valine substitution.This mutation leads to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin called HbS. Homozygous hemoglobin S (HbSS disease) is the most common form of SCD, In addition to homozygous SCD (HbSS), other forms such as HbSC and HbSB thalassemia also exist.
This study has been conduct during 3 months between November/2022 and January /2023 in the hereditary blood disease center / Karbala Health Directorate. The total number of participants are (100) person including (35) patients with painful crisis, (35) patients with steady state, and (30) control group, all of the patients and control group were male, in addition, There ages ranged from (3-55).
Patients and healthy individuals provided venous blood samples totaling 5 ml. Each person also provided personal information, including their age, height, and weight. visfatin, and vcam-1 were done by manual kit with Enzyme-linked ImmunoSorbent Assay , while ferritin, Complete Blood Count, C-Reactive Protein, D-dimer, and Lactate dehydrogenase were done by auto chemistry analyzer.
In this study, we aimed to study the role of VCAM-1 as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in SCA patients. Investigation of the role of visfatin, as a marker of inflammation in SCA patients. Compared the expression of visfatin, sVCAM-1, Ferritin, and D dimer, in SCA patients that to control group. Comparing the severity of these markers D dimer, Ferritin, visfatin, and sVCAM-1 in children and adults. Evaluate the association between serum visfatin, sVCAM-1 level in SCA patients, and the frequency of vaso-occlusive crises. Possible usage of these markers as a predictive index for VOC occurrence. Study correlations among visfatin, sVCAM-1, Ferritin, and D dimer markers with different hemolysis and inflammation markers.
The results showed there has been significant differences in concentrations of D dimer, Ferritin, visfatin, CRP, HCT, sVCAM-1, LDH, HB, WBC, RBC, and Retic count, in SCA patient (painful crisis, steady state) in comparison with the control group for both adults and children. Also observed no significant differences in MCH levels between SCA patients and the control group for both adults and children.
The results of MCHC showed that there were significant differences between patients with sickle cell anemia and healthy people, in children only. While in adults there are no significant differences between patients and healthy.
The results also showed that there were significant differences in platelet, and MCV levels between patients with sickle cell anemia and healthy subjects, in adults only, but in children, there were no significant differences between patients with sickle cell anemia and healthy group.
In this study, SCA patients with the painful crisis have significant correlations between (visfatin, LDH), and (visfatin, Ferritin).