تقييم مستويات مصل السيسترين 1 و السيسترين 2 و البكلين 1 بتنظيم الالتهام الذاتي عند النساء المصابات بمتلازمة تكيس المبايض PCOS))أصالة عبد الحسين عبد الله

Assessment of Serum Sestrin 1 , Sestrin 2 and Beclin 1 Levels on the Regulation of Autophagy in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Many women worldwide of reproductive age are affected by the diverse endocrine condition known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). High testosterone levels, insulin resistance, and enlarged, dysfunctional ovaries are often associated with this syndrome.
Within the ovary, appropriate active autophagy is necessary for all stages of oocyte formation, follicle growth, and degeneration . It is necessary to maintain appropriate conditions for follicular atresia, follicular development and differentiation, oocyte production, and the reproductive cycle, follicular cells must participate in autophagy.
Several proteins, notably sestrins, control the complex process of autophagy.Sestrin2, a highly evolutionarily conserved protein, is thought to reduce insulin resistance through controlling lipid and glucose balance.
Beclin1, an evolutionarily conserved protein that plays a crucial part in the formation of autophagosomes, the double-membrane vesicles that contain degradation targets and merge with lysosomes, and is a widely acknowledged positive regulator of this process.
This study aimed to examine the association between Sestrin1 concentrations and Autophagy in PCOS and Find out the role of Sestrin2 in the pathogenesis of autophagy by assess the levels of Sestrin2 in PCOS patients’ sera and compare them to those in the control group and observe the role of serum Beclin1 and its relationship with parameters of PCOS patients and evaluate the levels of LH, insulin resistance, and free testosterone were associated with, hirsutism, obesity, and hormonal alterations and to evaluate progesterone hormone in PCOS patient .

The study included 100 women with age ranged between (18 – 44) years involving 70 PCOS patients and 30 apparently healthy women as a control in reproductive age, at the reproductive fertility consultant of gynecological and obstetric teaching hospital, Kerbala health directorate Iraq and College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Kerbala Iraq during the duration from October ., 2022 to April, 2023. The Rotterdam criterion-2003 was presumed to PCOS females. The biochemical parameters measured were serum Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Estradiol hormone (E2), Progesterone Hormone, Free testosterone, Fasting Insulin Hormone, proteins of sestrin1 ,Sestrin 2, Beclin 1, Body mass index (BMI) These parameters were determined in the sera of both the PCOS patient and control groups. The result of our study revealed significant increase in LH levels ( p<0.00) (M ±SD) (9.81±5.87) in women with PCOS compared with healthy women (4.7±1.66).
The results of this study showed decreased significant (p<0.00) follicle stimulating hormone of patient PCOS (5.13± 1.29) compared control group (6.42±1.99) and showed increased significant in Luteinizing hormone of patient PCOS compared control group. The results of our study showed increased significant free testosterone level (p<0.00) of PCOS group (3.16±4.18) than control group (10.34±4.46) . The results of this research showed increased significant in insulin resistance(p<0.00) of PCOS patients (3.7±1.72) than controls group (2.12±0.40). while the study showed significantly reduced in Estradiol(p<0.012) of PCOS group (3.7±1.72) than control group (2.12±0.40). This research showed decreased significant progesterone of patient PCOS (3.16±4.18) than control group (10.34±4.46) . This research showed decreased significant Sestrin 1 of PCOS (p<0.00))4281.721±1296.25) than control group (6238.511± 1416.13( .This research showed decreased significant Sestrin 2 of patient PCOS (147.4±31.1) than control group(217.0±49.0). There is no significant change of beclin1 (p=0.89) of patient group ) 1310.28± 1018.08) than control group (1216.35 ±467.85) .
Finally, we conclude from this study that PCOS patients, elevated levels of LH, and Free testosterone were associated with, hirsutism, obesity, and hormonal alterations. PCOS patients have lower levels progesterone than healthy women. Our research shows that sestrin2, an autophagy marker, is dysregulated in PCOS and may serve as a new diagnostic for the condition.
Reduced serum Sestrin 2 levels may be has potential as a new PCOS diagnostic biomarker. Autophagy helps keep the human ovary healthy and works in the process of luteal decline. It also affects the ability of granulosa cells to live. And regulated indirect by Sestrins . According to the current findings, PCOS may have started as a result of Beclin 1 irregularities in the serum of PCOS patients .