دراسة تأثير مستخلصات بعض النباتات الطبية بصيغتها الطبيعية والنانوية في تثبيط نمو بعض المبيضات

Studying the effect of extracts of some medicinal plants in their natural and nanoforms in inhibiting the growth of some Candida

The study included the detection of the active compounds of five medicinal plants Glycyrrhiza glabra L. ,Cinnamomum zylanicum Blume, Aloe vera L. , Syzygium aromaticum L , Nigella sativa L.. where the active compounds were distributed in different parts using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 10 active compounds were detected, as licorice roots contain terpenoid saponins, and the most concentrated compound was Glycyrrhizi. Seven active compounds were also detected in the bark of the thrush plant, as the bark of the thrush plant contained tannins and simple phenolic acids, and the most concentrated compound was Procatechuic acid. As for the leaves of the aloe vera plant, seven active compounds were detected. The leaves of the aloe vera plant contained phenolic substances, glycosides, and flavonoids, and the most concentrated compound was Aloin. While six active compounds were detected in the clove flower, which contains volatile oils, and the compound was the most concentrated Eugenol acetate. Six active compounds were also detected in the seeds of the black seed plant, represented by phenolic substances, flavonoids, and tannins, and the most concentrated compound is Gallic acid.
Genus Candida spp. Based on the cultural and microscopic characteristics, it appeared in the form of colonies Smooth, shiny and convex, white to milky in color and characterized by its distinctive smell. The shape of the cells appeared spherical to oval or longitudinal, single and budded. The diagnosis was made using chrom agar medium when a colony appeared C.albicans Light green, yeast C. glabrata Its colonies appeared light pink to cream, while yeast C.troipcals It appeared in blue, as for yeast C .kruse Dark pink, and yeast C.kefyr It is pink to purple in color, and the fungus was diagnosed using the Vitec device. The virulence factors of Candida species, their ability to produce the protease enzyme, and the possibility of isolation by yeast were studied C. albicans On the production of protease enzyme, followed by yeast C.tropicalis As for other species, they do not have the ability to produce the protease enzyme, and Candida does not have the ability to produce the hemolysin enzyme. The yeast isolate C.glabrata and C.albicans It was hemolytic, while the rest of the isolates were not hemolytic, and their ability to produce the phospholipase enzyme was studied. It appeared that the yeast isolate C. albicans It had the ability to produce the phospholipase enzyme through the appearance of a white dense area around the developing colonies, which is the area of sedimentation on the solid egg yolk medium. As for the rest of the isolates, they were not producing the phospholipase enzyme, as well as the ability of the candida to Biofilm formation was yeast C. galabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. albicans They have the ability to form biofilms, while the rest of the isolates did not form biofilms.
The results of the inhibition test showed that the licorice plant was superior with an inhibition rate of 23.07 at a concentration of 100 mg/ml, while the inhibition rate of 0.00 was lower at a concentration of 25 mg/ml. The cinnamon plant showed the highest inhibition rate of 18.20 at a concentration of 100 mg/ml and the lowest inhibition rate of 0.00 at a concentration of 25 mg/ml, The Aloe vera plant showed the highest inhibition rate of 10.20 at a concentration of 100 mg/ml and the lowest rate of inhibition of 0.00 at a concentration of 25 mg/ml. The clove plant showed the highest rate of inhibition of 18.20 and the lowest rate of inhibition of 0.00 at a concentration of 25 mg/ml. The black seed plant showed the highest The inhibition rate reached 15.17 at a concentration of 100 mg/ml, and the lowest inhibition rate was 0.00 at a concentration of 25 mg/ml.
The ability of the extract to scavenge free radicals was also studied, and it appeared that the use of the extract from the roots of the licorice plant possesses antioxidant activity, and the percentage of cellular toxicity was measured, as it showed its lack of toxicity or ability to degrade blood. During the study, a nanomaterial, silver nitrate, was prepared from a hybrid Licorice plant, and this was confirmed by the results of examination by infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) there was a shift in the frequencies of some chemical groups towards high and low frequencies, as revealed by X-ray spectroscopy(XRD) The appearance of new levels in the spectrum of the nanohybrid compound, which indicates that the compound under study is nanoscale. As for examination using a scanning electron microscope(SEM) It was almost identical in shape to relatively uniform It appeared to have almost spherical shapes, and the results of the analysis showed by spectroscopy)EDS( The presence of silver, carbon, and chlorine in the composition of silver nanoparticles.This prepared nano-hybrid compound showed higher inhibitory activity than the raw extract. It excelled in inhibiting all types of Candida and at all concentrations. Concentrations of (500, 400, 300, 200, 100) micrograms/ml were used using the etching method.