دراسة تشريحية تصنيفية و جزيئية لأجناس من العشيرة Agrostideae (Poaceae) Dum في العراق

ANATOMICAL TAXONOMIC and MOLECULAR STUDY FOR SOME GENERA OF TRIBE AGROSTIDEAE (POACEAE) DUM IN IRAQ_compressed

The current research included Anatomical taxonomic & molecular studies for six genera of the tribe Agrostidea, these genera are Agrostis L., Alopecurus L., Calamagrostis Adans. ,Rhizocephala Boiss., Phleum L. , Polypogon Desfi included (14) species Ag. Stolonifera, L. Ag. gigantea, Roth.
Al. arundinaceus Poir, Al. myosuroides Huds., Al. utriculatus Banks.,
Al. vaginatus (Wild)Pall ex Trin. , Al. apiatus. Ovcz. , Ca. pseudophragmites (Hall.f.) Koel , Rh. Orientalis Boiss,Ph. alpinum L., Ph. boissieri Bornm. , Po. fugax Ness. ex Steud. , Po monspeliensis Bornm., Po semiverticillatus Forssk. in addition , to chemical study for seven species only.
Anatomical characters of leaves epidermis , stems, glumes , lemmas, Paleas have been studied and their taxonomic importance were discussed.
Different kinds of cells were recognized in epidermis, which is long-cells, short cells, stomatal complex and epidermal trichomes, the characteristic features of these cells showed an important taxonomic value on both generic & species levels.
Transverse sections of the vegetative organs have been carried out and their characters were found to be of taxonomic importance especially the arrangement and distribution of parenchyma and sclerenchyma tissue. As well as the presence of Keel in Phleum and Al. apiatus of the lack of it. In addition the form of sclerenchyma tissue in the edge of transvers sectional let us pray the leaf.
The Molecular study by using DNA sequencing technology (Mtak) shows separation of the P. boissieri from Ph. alpinum, In addition this study recorded convergence between Po. monspeliensis with Agrostis by 48% while species Ca. pseudophragmites convergence with polypogon by a ratio of 95%.
The chemical study by using HPLC (High Performance liquid chromatography) of seven phenol compound for seven plant species. The species distinguished by variation of some phenolic compounds, The two compound coumarins and sinapic acid have not recorded in Po. monspeliensis , while high ratio was recorded for catechine and cinnamic acids for the same species .
The study concluded a significant importance of anatomical characters and possibility of using it as conclusive evidence in identification and isolation of some different taxa , in addition the molecular and chemical studies can use as an assist tools, with emphasis the present Taxonomic position of species and genera under Agrostideae tribe in Iraq .
Finally anatomical keys for genera and species were provided.