دراسة حساسية بكتيريا الزائفة الزنجارية المعزولة من المصابين بالحروق لبعض المستخلصات النباتية وقابليتها للانتقال عبر الحشرات في مدينة كربلاء

Study of sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria isolated from burn injuries to some plant extracts and their ability to transmission through

Summary
This study was conducted to investigate the sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients in Imam Hussein Medical City Hospital in Karbala Governorate to plant extracts of (Thymus vulgaris, Punica granatum peel, Tecoma stans leaves and Artemisia judaica) during the period from December 2021 to May 2022, as 100 swabs were collected from patients Those lying in the burn hall and their sensitivity to 10 antibiotics. Plant extracts with different concentrations were used and their activity tested against those isolates, which include thyme extract, pomegranate peel extract, tecuma leaf extract and wormwood extract. The chemical composition of these extracts was also studied in an attempt to enhance its effect. The results of the obtained extracts were compared with each other to identify the highly potent compound.
The total number of P. aeruginosa isolates was 40 samples out of 100 clinical samples, and the distribution of these isolates was: 57 males and 43 females. The bacterial isolates were identified through routine diagnostic tests, which included culturing and biochemical characteristics. The effectiveness of 10 antibiotics was detected by disc diffusion method, and the results showed a high degree of resistance to most antibiotics represented by Gentamicin, Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Cefatoxime, Erythromycin, Streptomycin, Amoxicillin, Levofloxacin, Oxacillin. Accordingly, the results were consistent with the so-called P.aeruginosa. Multidrug-resistant (MDRPA) except for the antibiotic Imipemeim, for which bacteria have been reported sensitive .
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that gender, age, prolonged hospital stay, and prolonged use of antibiotics had an effect as risk factors increased the chance of infection. The ability of P. aeruginosa to produce biofilm was detected by a calibrated platelet test (MTP). The results showed that (37) bacterial isolates with a percentage of 92.5% were biofilm-producing, while the rest of the isolates with a total of (3) and a rate of 7.5% were non-productive and weak. Concentrations (25,50,75,100) mg/ml were used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of plant extracts. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of thyme, pomegranate peel, tecuma leaves and wormwood showed an inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa bacteria, and the increase of this activity correlated with the increase in concentration. The aqueous extract of Tecoma leaves at a concentration of 100 mg/ml showed the highest inhibition diameter, which was 32.30 ± 1.43 mm.
The results of the study showed that the value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum killer concentration (MBC) vary depending on the type of extract and the strength of the biofilm. ml against strong, medium and weak biofilm producing bacteria, respectively, while the MIC and MBC values for alcoholic extract were (16,32,32) mg/ml and (128, 128,256) mg/ml against strong, medium and weak biofilm producing bacteria, respectively. Straight . The study also showed that the MIC and MBC value of the aqueous extract of pomegranate peels (16, 32, 32) mg / ml (128, 128, 128) mg / ml against strong, medium and weak biofilm-producing bacteria, respectively, and the MIC and MBC value of the alcoholic extract of the peels were Pomegranate plant (16,16,64) mg/ml and (128,128,128) mg/ml against strong, medium and weak biofilm-producing bacteria, respectively. While the MIC and MBC value of tecuma leaf extract against biofilm-producing bacteria, respectively. Strong (128,32) mg/ml and (128,64) mg/ml for the aqueous and alcoholic extracts, respectively, while the MIC and MBC value of the medium biofilm producing bacteria was (128,16) mg/ml (128,32) mg/ml for the aqueous extracts. And the MIC and MBC value of theTecoma stans leaf extract were (128.4) mg/ml and (128.8) mg/ml for the aqueous and alcoholic extracts, respectively, for the bacteria producing weak biofilm.
The study showed that the MIC and MBC value of the aqueous extract of the Artemisia judaica plant It was (32,64,64) mg/ml and (256,256,512) mg/ml against strong, medium and weak biofilm-producing bacteria, respectively between What was the MIC and MBC value of the alcoholic extract (64,64,64) mg/ml and (256,256,512) mg/ml against strong, medium and weak biofilm producing bacteria, respectively.
The active chemical compounds present in the plant extracts were detected by HPLC liquid chromatography apparatus and the results of the obtained extracts were compared with each other to determine the highly effective compound.The results of the study showed that some insects (Blattella germanica, Musca domestica and Camponotus xerxes) had the ability to transmit P.aeruginosa bacteria, and the German cockroach was the most efficient in transmitting, followed by the house flies, while the ants were the least transmitting bacteria.