دلالة التعريف والتنكير في نهج البلاغة (دراسة تحليلية)

Knowledae and Thinking of Nahj al-Balagha A study analzing

Abstract
Nahj al-Balagha: Is the name of the book of Juma’a al-Sharif al-Razi (may God have mercy on him), where he collected all the speeches and messages and the rule of Imam Ali, A total of 242 sermons, 78 books and 498 wisdoms have been selected. Therefore, the book Nahj al-Balagha became a prominent and reference point not only for Muslims, but also by many other religions to view it as it contains topics raised through its words such as monotheism, the creation of the universe, human and animal in addition to other political, moral, social and economic matters. So It is considered the guiding light of politics and of the law.
Therefore, if we want to study the rhetoric that includes the defining and the non-defining in the approach of rhetoric, the subject requires that it be of three chapters: the first chapter on the concept of the defining and the non-defining their usefulness in Arabic speech, which in turn contains five chapters. Titles are in this order: the defining and the non-defining of language and terminology, The semantic standards of the defining and the non-defining , The order of the knowledge of the context effect in the uneven order, Scientists are interested in the issue of the defining and the non-defining , While the second chapter includes the contexts of definition and non-defining and its implications in the approach of Nahj al-Balagha and it contains two parts, respectively: the types of defining and functions and its significance in the approach of Nahj al-Balagha. The third chapter includes rhetorical purposes, which is also divided into two parts: the purposes of defining in the approach of Nahj al-Balagha, and the purposes of non-defining in the approach of Nahj al-Balagha. Followed by the conclusion that includes the most important findings of the research of the results of prominent.
The most important things can be summarized as follows:
– There is a tangle between defining and non- defining between the grammarians and the Belgians.
– Context has a significant impact in showing both types of defining and non- defining.
– The approach had a wide range of pronouns, especially pronouns .
– The language in this approach reported on the phenomenon of defining and non- defining and its function is a wonderful employment in the performance of the matter.
– The manifestations of the approach of Nahj al-Balagha have varied, since we have two kinds of speeches.
– The non-defining of the word or its defining does not depend on one purpose or one goal, but rather more than one meaning.
– Nahj al-Balagha was and still is a fertile field in which the ideas of the Arabic language seekers are considered and inherited. It is inherited from heroism, courage and chastity, because it is from a man who is a prophet like Harun ibn Mousi.