دور اضافة المحفز الحيوي Isabion ورش كبريتات الزنك في نمو وحاصل ونوعية هجينين من اللهانةّ

The role of adding the biostimulant Isabion and spraying zinc sulphate in the growth, yield and quality of two hybrid cabbage

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in the field of the Horticulture and Landscape Department – College of Agriculture – University of Kerbala in Al-Husseiniyah District in the Holy province of Karbala during the Autumn season 2023-2024 with the aim of studying the role of the biostimulant Isabion and spraying with zinc sulphate on the growth and yield of two hybrids of cabbage. The experiment included two factors, the first was two hybrids of cabbage: white hybrid (white moon) V1 and red hybrid (Zeina F1) V2. The second factor included eight treatments, including adding Isabion (S) and spraying with zinc (Z).
Addition of Isabion at a level of 3 L ha-1 (S3), addition of Isabion at a concentration of 6 L ha-1 (S6), addition of Isabion at a level of 9 L ha-1 (S9). Spraying zinc sulphate at a concentration of 1 g L-1 (Zn1), adding Isabion at a level of 3 L ha-1 + spraying zinc sulphate at a concentration of 1 g L-1 (Zn1S3), adding Isabion at a level of 6 L ha-1 + spraying zinc sulphate at a concentration of 1 g L-1 (Zn1S6), adding Isabion at a level of 9 L ha-1 + spraying zinc sulphate at a concentration of 1 g L-1 (Zn1S9). In addition to the comparison treatment without adding Isabion and without spraying zinc sulphate (Zn0S0). The experiment was carried out according to a split plot design, according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications, with the hybrids representing the main plots, while the secondary plots included the addition of Isabion and spraying with zinc sulphate. The experiment included 48 experimental units, and the means were compared using the Least Significant Difference L.S.D test at the probability level of 0.05, the results were as follows:
1- Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on all growth and yield indicators compared to the comparison treatment, where the Zn1S9 treatment (adding Isabion at a level of 9 L ha-1 + spraying zinc sulphate at a concentration of 1 g L-1) excelled and gave the highest average of 2.66, 0.48, 2.18% and 191.34 mg kg-1 and 2.98 mg g-1 for the content of N, P, K, Zn and total chlorophyll in the outer leaves, respectively. It gave the highest average for number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight, head weight, marketing yield and total yield with an average of 18.72 leaf plant-1 and 3196 cm2 plant-1, 213.73 g plant-1, 1252.43 g Head-1, 56.11 tons ha-1, and 59.62 tons ha-1, respectively. It also excelled in the qualitative indicators of heads and gave the highest average concentration of ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, and percentage of total dissolved solids. An average of 69.04 mg 100 g-1, 59.64 mg 100 g-1, and 4.48%, respectively. As for the nitrate concentration in the heads, it gradually decreased when the biostimulant and zinc sulphate were added, and the Zn0S3 treatment gave the lowest average, amounting to 87.83 mg kg-1, compared to the comparison treatment that gave. The highest concentration of nitrate reached 137.00 mg kg-1.
2- The Wight Moon (V1) hybrid was superior to the Zeina F1 (V2) hybrid in nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll level in outer leaves, dry weight of shoots, head weight, total yield, marketing yield, and ascorbic acid, with an average of 1.88% and 2.84 mg g-1. 202.89 g plant-1 and 1087.34 g head-1, 38.72 tons ha-1, 31.32 tons ha-1 and 61.18 mg 100 g-1, respectively. As for red cabbage, it excelled in the concentration of P, K, and Zn in the outer leaves. It also excelled in the number of leaves, leaf area, carbohydrates, dissolved solids, and nitrates in the heads of the plants, with an average of 0.36%, 1.73%, 121.83 ppm, 15.67 leaf plant-1, and 2525 cm2 plant-1, 53.86 mg g-1, 3.97%, and 121.71 ppm, respectively.
3- The effect of the dual interaction was significant, as treatment V1xZn1S9 gave the highest average for nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll level in leaves at heads, leaf area, dry weight of shoots, head weight, total yield, mature marketing yield, ascorbic acid concentration, and dissolved solids, with an average of 1.11% and 3.04 mg g-1. And 155.21 cm2 leaf-1, 175.03 gm plant-1, 731.32 g head-1, 61.51 tons ha-1, and 56.11 tons ha-1, 70.77 mg g-1, 4.49%, respectively. The V2xZn1S9 treatment excelled in the concentration of P, K, and Zn in the outer leaves. It also excelled in the number of leaves, leaf area, and carbohydrates in cabbage heads, with an average of 0.21%, 1.24%, 36.67 ppm, 10.56 leaf plant-1, 3566 cm2 plant-1, and 60.50 mg 100g-1, respectively.