دور الدفاع المدني في تطبيق القانون الدولي الإنساني

The Role Of Civil Defense In The Application Of International Humanitarian Law

As the world moves toward development, development increases both natural and man-made hazards. These dangers lead to major disasters in the world, causing many deaths, injuries and losses to property and the economy. Therefore, and it is very difficult for the state to protect lives and property important to people’s lives, so nowadays civil defense is very necessary to protect society. By training and equipping the civil defense of any country, they are ready, and the individual is always ready to protect the civilian person or property. In times of peace, humanity faces the other most serious disasters whether natural or man-made.
This research provides an overview of the role of civil defense in the application of international humanitarian law, Its history, principles, objectives and importance, the function of civil defense, assessment of threats, the international and Iraqi legal basis, responsibility for the violations it presents, The stages of local, international and special civil protection in international humanitarian law that contribute and help the civil defense to organize and accomplish its tasks.
Through this research, we reached the importance of the role of civil defense in the application of international humanitarian law, and that it constitutes an important component of the components provided by international humanitarian law to protect civilians from military operations, and that the legal basis for the work of civil defense is stipulated in the texts of the Additional Protocols and the four Geneva Conventions of 1977 However, the urgent military necessity is one of the most important obstacles that prevent the civil defense from carrying out its duties.
The Iraqi Civil Defense regulates Law No. (44) of (2013) in force, and Iraq joined the International Protection Organization in 1979.