مستويات فهم النص القرآني وفق النموذج الفكري عند المفسرين -دراسة نقدية

Levels of Understanding the Quranic Text According to the Intellectual Model of the Interpreters: A Critical Study

Abstract
Praise be to God who sent down a clear Arabic Qur’an, andmade its verses a shining lamp, and may blessings and peace be upon him who was sent with it as a guide, bring good tidings, and a warner, and upon his family and his family, the justice of the Book and its beacon, generation after generation.
And after:
Since the Holy Qur’an is the eternal miracle of the Noble Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) as it is the truth throughout the ages and ages; Therefore, Muslims were obligated to adhere to it and take the features of their religion and the provisions of their Sharia from it. This is because the progress of individuals and persons and the renaissance of nations and groups cannot be true except by being guided by the teachings of the Qur’an, in which all the elements of happiness for human beings are taken into account. It is clear that acting on these teachings is not possible except after understanding and contemplating the Qur’an. Therefore, the revelation of the Qur’an urged us to contemplate it, and God Almighty said: {Will they not contemplate the Qur’an? Or are there locks upon the hearts?} And contemplating the Qur’an is not specific to one verse over another, nor is it specific to one people over another people. The Holy Qur’an is a silent guide, spoken by the tongue of speakers, and its blessed verses are dealt with by scholars who are knowledgeable of revelation and clarification, which is the goal of (the science of interpretation) and which is one of the The most ancient and advanced of the Islamic sciences has been spent on acquiring the treasures of ages, and spent on attaining the intellect and ideas, and it is the head and head of the religious sciences, and the foundation and basis of the rules of the Sharia, which cannot be fully studied and considered, except by those who excel in all the religious sciences and literary industries of all kinds and who have harnessed all of its tools and principles. In order to achieve his goal, which is (a correct understanding of the blessed Qur’anic text) What the interpreter understands of the Noble Qur’anic verses, he translates to the reader in his interpretation. He is the mediator between the blessed text and its reader. Since human thought, by the nature of its innate nature, is influenced by what is around it and acquires its information and perceptions, his understanding is a result of that. People vary in the intelligence and acumen they possess and the knowledge and knowledge they acquire, both in a manner As much as he strives, this is also the case with the interpreters. Some of them have a high, mature understanding, reinforced by the scientific experience they have in understanding the blessed Qur’anic text, and exerting effort in employing all of their tools and sources in interpreting it. Their primary and true goal is to understand what God Almighty means in His blessed verses without being influenced by a doctrine. Or fanaticism for an opinion, and another limited his interpretation to a specialty or method, so his interpretation was characterized by it, and a third imitated in his interpretation the interpreters of his sect or school that came before him, so his understanding does not depart from their intellectual and doctrinal starting points, and if evidence to the contrary is found, he turns a blind eye to it and blindly quotes from them without evidence or evidence, and there are those who tried. He understood the text and renewed its interpretation to keep pace with his time and its repercussions. However, he fell victim to his infatuation with Western modernity and Orientalist contemporaneity. He tried to adapt the text to suit his aspirations and intellectual concerns. In his interpretation, he followed their Western views and approaches, trying in this to read the blessed Qur’anic text in a forced and arbitrary reading that suits it, thus deviating from the rules and principles of interpretation that had been established. He ignored the inherited credit he had with the commentators who preceded him. For this reason, their levels of understanding the blessed Qur’anic text differed throughout the ages of the science of interpretation from its first revelation to the present day, according to the intellectual model they had (the Paradigma), which is the subject of our research titled “Levels of Understanding the Qur’anic Text According to the Intellectual Model of the Interpreters, a Critical Study.” Which deals with the intellectual models of interpreters from the inception of the science of interpretation to the present day. The term intellectual model (paradigm) is meant to be the complex of what affects the interpreter’s understanding of the blessed Qur’anic text, including beliefs, convictions, concepts, approaches, sources, and tools. It differs from one interpreter to another depending on their influence, through what they have. Interpreted from a thought model (paradigm) He determines his understanding of the blessed Qur’anic text. Therefore, he is considered the mind’s glasses that determine his concepts and starting points, and distinguishes his interpretive products. Every science has many intellectual models (paradigms) that may be positive and contribute to building science, developing it, renewing it, and solving its problems, or vice versa, negative that causes The stagnation and stagnation of science increases and exacerbates its problems. Some intellectual models reach sophistication and strength that they bring about a “scientific revolution” in the history of the science concerned with it, developing it, renewing it, purifying it from afflictions, and solving its problems. Others are the opposite, as we mentioned above. Therefore, when we examine the intellectual models for each science, we must follow The history of this science and its revolutions throughout the ages first, and then we discuss the intellectual models in it, so our view of the history of this science is not an external trace that deals with the dates of its origins, the eras of its development, and its personalities, but rather a comprehensive view of its external and internal history. From this standpoint, we will address the intellectual models of the interpreters throughout all the historical stages of the science of interpretation. Its types are positive or negative, imitative or innovative, and according to their interpretive approaches and trends.