الاختلاف في التقييمات الرجالية لرواة الحديث-دراسة مقارنة

The difference in men’s evaluations of hadith narrators - a comparative study

This research begins by emphasizing the status of the honorable Prophetic
Sunnah as a fundamental source of Islamic legislation after the Holy
Quran, and the importance of dealing carefully and accurately with its texts
because they are considered definitively authentic if proven so. The
research points to attempts at distortion and fabrication within Hadith,
resulting from several factors including the delayed compilation of Hadith
for a period, the presence of opponents of Islam, and a lack of awareness
among some of the importance of verifying the authenticity of Hadith.
These circumstances necessitated the emergence of Hadith science as a
decisive tool to distinguish authentic from fabricated narrations.
This research focuses on the importance of biographical evaluation (‘Ilm
al-Rijal) as one of the most important tools in accepting Prophetic Hadith.
It specifically addresses the discrepancies in the evaluations of narrators by
scholars of this field, particularly between the earlier and later scholars.
The research problem is defined as uncovering the reasons for this
disagreement among scholars, while acknowledging the difficulties facing
researchers in this area, such as the loss of many biographical sources and
the lack of documentation of their rules and methodologies by some
scholars. This research hypothesizes that these differences are primarily
due to variations in the methodologies and rules adopted in the evaluation
process.
The research reviews previous studies that addressed related topics, such
as the authentic Hadith according to the Imamiyyah school, the foundations
of narrator criticism, and the reasons for contradictions in the statements of
biographical evaluation scholars. The structure of the research consists of
an introduction, a preface, four chapters, practical applications, and a
conclusion. The preface defines the terms of the title and explains the need
for and importance of biographical evaluation. The first chapter addresses
the history of biographical evaluation, its foundations, and the meanings of
basic evaluation terminology. The second and third chapters are dedicated
to studying the methodologies of both earlier and later scholars in
evaluation, focusing on the views of three prominent figures: Al-Kashi, Al
Najashi, and Al-Tusi, and analyzing their terminology of praise and
criticism. The fourth chapter analyzes the reasons for the differences
between the two schools, such as variations in biographical methodologies,
reliance on sensory perception and intuition, and differences in the concept
of both authentic Hadith and righteousness (‘Adalah). The research
concludes with practical applications demonstrating the discrepancies in
biographical evaluations between the two schools and a conclusion
summarizing the key findings of the research.