إستخدام المكننة الزراعية والأسمدة وتقنات الري واثرها في مستوى الإنتاج الزراعي للمناطق الصحراوية في محافظة كربلاء

Rp- Using the Agricultural Machine, Fertilizers, and Irrigation Techniques and their Influence on the Agricultural Production.pdf

:
The study dealt with the role of the use of the agricultural machine, irrigation techniques, and fertilizing and their influence on the agricultural production level of the desert areas in Kerbala province and the extent of knowing the achieved progress in the size of the agricultural production through the comparison of the agricultural production level for the period 2010-2020 for the two agricultural sectors ( the desert sector and Ain ul Temur sector) before and after the use of the agricultural machine, fertilizers, and irrigation techniques and studying the achieved increase in the grown desert areas under the use of the agricultural machine, fertilizers, and irrigation techniques. It tackled eight typical farms distributed on the two agricultural sectors (the desert sector and Ain ul Temur sector) to cover the area of the study. The comparison was made for the agricultural production of those farms for the year 2019-2020-2021.
Additionally, the study discussed all the natural and human factors that affected the agricultural production in the area of the study and the use of the agricultural machine, irrigation techniques, and fertilizing, as well observing the changes of the agricultural side relying on the space visionaries to be able to cover all the area of the study depending on the American satellite (Land sat 8,7) and depending on NDVI program, and (ARC GIS 10,8) program in analyzing and classifying visionaries and counting the distance of the agricultural desert areas in different years 2002-2022. This is in addition to knowing the changes in the grown desert areas, as well adopting criteria of the plant agricultural production efficiency and adopting the statistical formula to measure the decline and adopting the last in predicting future of the study topic aspects. Did the area of the study achieve progress in the agricultural production due to the use of the agricultural machine, fertilizers, and irrigation techniques and its hypothesis about the effect of the agricultural machine, fertilizers, and irrigation techniques?
The study aimed at shedding the light on the reality of the agricultural sector in the area of the study and the possibility to invest it. The study limited obstacles and challenges that faced this sector and how to treat them. This is in addition to shed the light on the soil content in the area of the study including salts, materials, increase percentages occurred in those salts, estimating the required amounts for its treatment, time and repetition of the suitable treatments( in case of high percentages), emerging the role of the agricultural machine in the impact on the agricultural product level, as well as the use of the best and suitable means for modern irrigation.
The study consists of four chapters. The first chapter tackled the general concepts. It has three sections. The first section was about the agricultural machine. The second section was about the modern irrigation ways; while the third section was abut fertilizing.
The second chapter studied a group of the geographical factors in the area of the study, it has two section. The first section mentioned the natural factors and the second section treated the human factors. The third chapter included the agricultural reality to the desert area in Kerbala province, number of the grown farms, types of fertilizers and machines and the irrigation ways used in every farm that was studied. The fourth chapter included the production criteria and a group of statistical formulas to measure the interrelated issue for each farm by the use of production by the factors and studied variables (the agricultural machine, fertilizers, and irrigation techniques).
The study ended with results that were concluded such as the necessity of ferlilizers to support the plants’ need in the area of the study as well containing soil of the area of the study on high quantities of salts causing hurts for the plants as well the necessity of treatment of soils content in accord with fertilizing program prepared by agricultural experts. This is beside the use of modern and suitable irrigation methods for the crop and in accord with the nature of the area of the study, in recommendation presented to raise the agricultural products in the area of the study