استجابة قرع الكوسة لإضافة السماد المعدني المجزئ والعضوي في مؤشرات النمو والحاصل الكمي والنوعي

Response of zucchini squash to application of fractionated mineral and organic fertilizer in growth indicators and quantitative and qualitative outcomes

Abstract:
The experiment was carried out in the vegetable field of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture / University of Karbala – Al-Husseiniyah District during the fall semester 2023-2024, located within longitude 44.58ﹾ east and latitude 32.17ﹾ north. The experiment included adding two types of organic fertilizers: humic acid, at three levels. They are (6, 12, and 18) liter ha-1 and vermi compost tea at three levels (4, 8, and 12) liter ha-1, with the aim of determining each of them in reducing the added fertilizer recommendation by (25%, 50%, and 75%) from the fertilizer recommendation (NPK) of (300 kg N/ha-1), (150 kg P/ha-1), and (100 kg K ha-1) Thus, the number of treatments added in the form of fertilizer combinations in addition to the comparison treatment, which represents 100% of the recommendation (NPK), is (19) treatments, and with three replicates, the treatments were distributed according to a randomized completely block design (R.C.B.D) and by one factor.
The results of the study showed The treatment (12 liters ha-1 of vermi compost tea + 75% mineral fertilizer) exceeds the chemical indicators of the leaves, the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the shoots by 5.25%, 0.47%, and 3.73%, respectively, and in the indicators of vegetative growth, plant height, number of leaves, and leaf content of the total chlorophyll and the dry weight of the plant is 83.20 cm, 39.33 leaf plant-1, 25.02 mg 100 g fresh weight, and 191.13 gm plant-1, respectively. In quantitative yield indicators, the length of the fruit, the weight of the fruit, and the number of fruits are 18.90 cm and 210.90 gm plant-1 and 5.63 fruits plant-1, respectively.

In yield indicators, the yield per plant and the total yield are 1.187 gm. Plant-1 and 35.62 tons ha-1, respectively. It also excelled in recording the highest values ​​in the qualitative indicators of the fruits, as it recorded the highest percentage of protein in the fruits, the content of vitamin C in the fruits, and the percentage of total dissolved solids in the fruits, 3.00%, 35.00 mg 100g, and 7.20%, respectively.
– The humic acid addition treatment (18 liters ha-1 + 75% NPK) was superior in the percentage of phosphorus in the shoot, and in the vegetative growth characteristics, leaf area, plant stem diameter, fruit diameter, and percentage of carbohydrates in fruits were 0.47%, 2260 cm2, 1.449 cm, 4.132 cm and 3.56%, respectively.
– The increase of nitrate content of fruits when treated with the control (100% NPK) was 85%.