التأثيرات النسجية والهرمونية لبذور نبات السمسم Sesamum indicum على الغدد اللبنية في إناث الجرذ الابيض Rattus rattus

Histological and Hormonal Effects of Sesamum Indicum plant Seeds on Mammary Gland in Female white Rats Rattus rattus

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sesame seed on the growth and development of mammary glands in white females rats during the stages of (virginity, pregnancy and lactating), where the effect of 30% sesame seed on the growth and development of mammary glands was studied for 20 days. Sixty-three female Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups (virgins, pregnant and lactating) 12 rats / in each group , the three main groups were subdivided into secondary groups (control and treatment) with 6 rats /in each group. Then several studies were conducted including: Histological study, histochemistry and morphometeral studies in addition to Physiological studies that include : hormonal study and Measurement of body and mammary glands weight of animals for each group and through these studies the following results were obtained:

Histological specimens stain with hematoxylin stain and eosin stain revealed that the virgins treated with sesame seeds showed an increase in the number of the lobules filled with large numbers of expansive Alveoli compared to the control group. In the pregnant groups, the lobules filled with Alveoli were observed in larger numbers and diameters. In the lactation groups, the lobules are more numerous and the alveolus were more expansive and numerous in comparison with the control group.

The histochemistry studies of the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain showed a positive intra-alveolar reaction in the mammary glands tissue for each animal of treatment and control groups, except the virginity control group which showed a negative reaction to the stain. Whereas the Trichrome stain , which characterized only the control group of virgins with more density of collagen fibers compared to the rest of the groups which were characterized by a deficiency in the density collagen fiber groups for all stages compared to the control groups.

The results of morphometric studies showed a significant increase (p ˂0.05) in the diameter of the mammary glands vesicles and their number in all animals treated with sesame seeds and for the three physiological stages (virgins, pregnant and lactating), As well as there is significant increase (P˂0.05) in the level of hormones (estrogen , progesterone and prolactin) in three physiological stages that treated with sesame seeds ,In addition the treated groups showed a significant increase (p˂0.05) in weight of the body and mammary gland compared to control group.

From the current study it can be concluded that the sesame seeds have an effective effect on the growth and development of mammary glands tissue and milk production.