التباين المكاني لجرائم الأحداث في مدينة الناصرية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية(GIS)

Spatial variation for juvenile crimes In the city of Nasiriyah By using Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

Abstract
The study aims to analyze the spatial variation of juvenile delinquency in the city of Nassiriyah in the administrative center of the district of Nassiriya and in the center of the governorate of Dhi Qar, one of the governorates of southern Iraq. and their intensity, identifying petty crimes in terms of quantity and type, and diagnosing the most important social and economic characteristics of juvenile offenders by preparing a questionnaire. To do this, (150) questionnaires were distributed to juvenile delinquents arrested and sentenced at the Youth Commission and Reform Prison, Light Sentences Department at Dhi Qar. supplement (1); To fill the lack of data on the subject of the study. The study adopted Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques in the cartographic representation and in the determination of the patterns and intensity of the phenomenon in order to analyze the spatial distribution of the criminal phenomenon according to a set of interactions for spatial analysis measurements, autocorrelation coefficient analysis, neighborhood coefficient measurement (proximity), standard distance and hot spot analysis. The statistical program Social Sciences Package (SPSS) was also used. Find significant differences between the characteristics and characteristics of the social and economic sample. An integrated database has been established for juvenile offenders, broken down by neighborhoods and residential sectors. The study found that the number of offenses committed was equal to (4,643) offenses during the study period, with a difference in the rate of juvenile offenses over the years of study, as the percentage offenses increased during the study period (2018). ) has (642) offenses, and constituted (13.82%) of the total juvenile offenses While the year (2012) recorded the lowest level of the number of offenses (262), i. (5.64%), the eastern sector of Gezira recorded the highest percentage of the number of crimes (31%), as the total number of crimes recorded during the study period was approximately (1441) offenses, while the sector of the town square recorded the smallest number of offenses, equal to approximately (512) offenses, i.e. (11%) and the effective dissemination of the model of geographical distribution of the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in the Nasiriyah city mimics the actual diffusion model centered on residential neighborhoods within the cityscape. With a displacement of (1341) m.
The spatial median of criminals simulates the effective distribution away from the geographic center of the city with a distance of (453) m. The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency is not concentrated in a specific place, but extends over nearly three quarters of the city. The study ended with the most important conclusions and a series of recommendations that would limit the spread of juvenile delinquency in the city.