التباين المكاني لزراعة وانتاج محصول القمح في قضاءي الهندية وعين التمر

Spatial Difference of Planting and Producing Wheat Between Al Hindyah and Ain Al Temur Districts

Abstract
The current study tackled ” Spatial Difference of Planting and Producing Wheat Between Al Hindyah and Ain Al Temur Districts” which has an aim to discover the difference in producing wheat in the two districts and to know the influence extent of the natural and human factors on the product that leads the differences between the two districts. Thus, the geographical location for the study area (Al Hindyah and Ain Al Temur districts) has a role in prevalence climate type that is represented by desert climate which is characterized by decreasing and oscillating rain in winter, and increasing temperature and drought in summer.
This, in turn, made farmers, in the study area depend on the available irrigation methods, for instance the flowing irrigation through relying on Euphrates and its streams found in Al Hindyah district. Concerning Ain Al Temur district, farmers depend mainly on the available underground water due to the absence of surface water in the area. The area gradient from the south western to the north eastern helped forming the under- ground water, that helped to use the modern irrigation methods as irrigation by spraying which is performed by the mobile and fixed axial sprayers.
Concerning the human factors, they also have a role in the difference of the planted areas with wheat products relating to the agricultural possessions, marketing, the adopted agricultural policies in the country, and the financial costs in comparison with the profit quantities that the farmer gets in planting the wheat product.
Through the available data for the study area, we find a difference in the areas planted with wheat in the light of the natural and human standards of the study area. The planted area with wheat for the agricultural season 2010- 2020 which use the flowing irrigation methods represented factors in Al Hindyah District reached about 5300( dunams) with production 381,000 tons, while the areas that use new irrigation methods represented in Ain Al Temur District reached about 4,650,000 tons. Through the statistical analysis and the spatial comparison for the product and following the statistic treatments such as the difference coefficient and standard deviation coefficient for both districts through using statistic formulas relating to both factors which measure the dispersal and difference coefficient between the two areas, that we reached through these statistic formulas, that is there are a clear difference and variety in the size of the planted areas and the product quantity for the wheat products in the two districts. It is also an attempt to give a future perspective to the study area through mentioning a number of suggestions.