العلاقات المكانية لنمو السكان وظاهرة الفقر في مدينة كربلاء

Spatial relations of population growth and poverty phenomenon in Karbala city

This study aims to clarify the spatial relationships between the phenomena of population growth and poverty in the holy city of Karbala by analyzing the components of both phenomena and by determining the strength and significance of the correlation coefficient between the factors affecting population growth with the total size of population growth itself such as variables (births, migration, use of family planning methods , the age of the wife at the date of marriage and her educational level) on the one hand, and then the study proceeds with a subsequent step to determine the correlation between these variables with indicators belonging to the fields of poverty (educational, health and economic) on the other hand, which can be obtained through the questionnaire for urban families Karbala, which amounted to (1520) questionnaires, in order to come up with a standard model that allows knowing the real relationship existing in the study area. The spatial growth of population and its impact on the phenomenon of poverty is based on the nature of the variables that determine it on the one hand, and on the mechanism by which these variables are addressed and their impact on the dimensions of poverty on the one hand. other.
The conclusions reached by the study were clarified after presenting the main problem of this study, represented by the type of spatial relations between the two phenomena, using the descriptive analytical approach through four chapters that included the theoretical study of population growth, the phenomenon of poverty, and the distribution and growth of the population during the period (2009-2021 AD), with a study of age structure. In its three categories, through which it is clear that (43.7%) of the population of the study area are outside the labor force, and (36.6%) of the population are under the age of 15 years, and the percentage of the elderly constitutes (7.1%) ) of the population of the study area, while the age dependency rate was (77.7%), and the city accounted for (35.1%) of the governorate’s population in (2009), while it accounted for (54.2%) in the year (2021). The study also found that the immigrant population variable was the most prominent in its impact on the housing growth rate among the other variables through a direct relationship whose strength reached (0.92), and the study also found that the variable (total births) was one of the strongest variables representing growth population in relation to poverty indicators and a direct relationship with a strength of (0.91), as the researcher adopted the spss program (PASW Statistics 18) to analyze Yale with the statistical technique that I think is the best in compatibility with the nature of the data, which is the Pearson correlation coefficient (Coefficient Correlation), which shows the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.