تأثير الرش بالكلوتاثيون ((Glutathione والسماد الحيوي (Algacell) والاجهاد المائي في النمو ومحتوى اوراق نبات المورينكاMoringa oleifera)) من المواد الفعالة

Effect of spraying with Glutathione and bio-fertilizer (Algacell) and water stress on growth and leaves content of the active substances of (Moringa Oleifera)

Summary
The study was carried out in the garden of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering – College of Agriculture – University of Kerbala in 28 kg pots during the spring growing season of 2021 to asses the effect of spraying with glutathione and bio-fertilizer (Algacell) and water stress conditions on growth characteristics and leaf content of the active substances of Moringa oleifera.
The study was designed as a factorial experiment within to a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D). The study included three factors: Glutathione with three concentrations (0, 100, 200) mg. Liter -1 and biofertilizer (Algacell) at two levels (0, 10) mg. L-1 and water stress with three levels of field capacity (60%, 50%, 40%) and the averages were compared using Duncan’s polynomial test at a probability level of 0.05. The data were analyzed according to the statistical program (SAS 2003).
The most important results can be summarized as follow :
When spraying with glutathione, most of the vegetative growth traits outperformed, as the spray treatment at a concentration of 200 ml.l-1 achieved the highest rates in the traits (plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves and chlorophyll concentration) as it achieved 80 cm, 6.511 mm, 4987.11 cm.leaf-1, 20 leaves.plant-1 and 17.785 mg.g-1 respectively, followed by spraying treatment at a concentration of 100 ml. L-1, while the control treatment recorded the lowest rates and treatment of 200 ml. L-1 in The chemical and enzymatic content and the active substances (the percentage of N, Ca, the protein, carbohydrates, the activity of catalase, desmiotase, peroxidase enzymes, and of ascorbic acid, of tannins, of flavonoids, the concentration of glutathione) reached (2.75%, 28.622%, 6.005 mg.gm-1, 7.561%, 0.377 U.g.gm-1, 11.777 U.gm-1, 0.990 U.gm-1, 275.444 mg.gm-1, 16,083 mg.gm- 1, 10,905 mg.gm-1 and 90.222 micromol.gm-1) respectively, followed by spraying treatment at a concentration of 100 ml.l-1, while the control treatment recorded the lowest values, while there was no significant difference between the spraying treatments 200 ml.L-1 and 100 ml.L-1 in the percentage of P, K, and fatty acids, while there was no significant difference in spraying with glutathione in leaf relative moisture content, α-tocopherol concentration, steroids concentration and percentage of alkaloids
The biofertilizer (Algacell) did not make a significant difference in all the studied traits except for stem diameter, where the control treatment was superior, as it gave 6.422 mm compared to the spraying treatment with a concentration of 10 ml. L-1, which gave 6.092 mm (
The results showed that the treatment of water stress at the level of 60% of the field capacity was significantly superior in the characteristics (plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, relative moisture content, chlorophyll, percentage of nitrogen, percentage of phosphorous, percentage of calcium). It achieved (87.77 cm, 7.227 mm, 5662.94 cm, 21,055 leaves.Plant-1, 80.667, 19.157 mg.gm-1, 2.938, 0.366, 3.867) respectively. At the same time, the treatment of water stress at the level of 40% of the field capacity was superior in the traits ( Percentage of potassium, protein concentration, carbohydrate percentage, catalase activity, demethylase activity, peroxidase activity, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, fatty acid, tannins, flavonoids, glutathione (which were given respectively) 1.379, 7.050 mg.gm-1, 8.694, 0.446mU.gm-1, 13.222mu.gm-1, 1,133mg.gm-1, 294.167 mg.gm-1, 257.83 mcg.gm-1, 327.944 micromol.g-1, 17.355 mg.gm-1, 11,833 mg.gm-1, 93.83 micromol.gm-1 While there were no significant differences in the treatment of water stress for all levels of field capacity in the characteristic of the percentage of alkaloids