تأثير مسحوق الطماطة على الاداء الانتاجي والحالة الصحية في عليقة الدجاج اللاحم المعرض للأفلاتوكسين

Influence of Tomato Powder on Growth Performance and Health State in Broilers Diet Exposed to Aflatoxin

The present study was conducted at College of Veterinary Medicine / University of Kerbala to investigate the effect of the Tomato powder in reducing the damage caused by the exposure of broiler chickens to aflatoxins by measuring some biochemical, antioxidant, immunological, performance, and histological changes of liver in broilers.
The experiment lasted for 35 days from 12 Feb to 19 Mar 2022. One hundred broiler chicks (Ross 308) at one day aged were randomly divided into 5 equal groups (20 chicks per group). The first group was considered a general control group fed on a basal diet free from any additions. The second group fed the aflatoxin (AF) contaminated diet daily by 30 ppb. The third group fed on a diet contaminated with aflatoxin 30 ppb+ supplemented by mycofix concentration 0.1 g / kg feed. The fourth group was also fed on a diet contaminated with aflatoxin 30 ppb+ supplemented by tomato powder (TP) with concentration 10 g / kg feed. The fifth group fed on a basal diet supplemented with Tomato powder with concentration 10 g / kg feed during the experiment. Powder of tomato components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) for its components.
At day 4th, 28th and 35th of their age, blood samples were collected from 5 bird per group from the jugular vein in a test tube without anticoagulant, to obtain the serum to determine the biochemical and immunological tests.
Results of the biochemical parameters of the current study revealed that the AF&TP group showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the concentration of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as the level of creatinine compared with AF group, which showed a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the concentration of the same parameters in day 28, while in day 35 showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the concentration the level of creatinine compared with AF group. The levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly decrease (P ˂0.05) in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group that showed a significant increased (P˂0.05). Also high density lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly increase (P ˂0.05) in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group that showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in day 28 and 35. As well, the results showed significant increase (P˂0.05) in the concentration of glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group. In addition, the results of malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly decreased (P˂0.05) in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group in day 28, while in day 35 showed a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the concentration of Gpx in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group.
The sensory traits results showed a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the tenderness, juicy, flavor, color and palatability in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group. The results that showed a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the weight of spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group, in addition, the results as a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the weight of liver in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group in day 28, while in day 35 showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the weight of liver in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group. The result of the hepatosomatic index showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group. The immunological results showed a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the levels of antibodies against Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease for the AF&TP group compared with the AF group, which showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the same parameters. The results of the body weight in day 7,14,21 and 28 showed a significant increase (P˂0.05) in the AF&TP group compared to the AF group for the same results.
Histopathological changes revealed improvement in the damaged tissue of the AF&TP group compared to the AF group by reducing the hemorrhage and the return of tissue relative to the normal structure. Its concluded from the results of this study that, the tomato powder at 10 g/kg has a protective role to reduce the damage that caused by exposure to 30 ppb aflatoxin in feed of broiler