تاثير المركبات النانوية المحضرة من الفطر Agaricus bisoporus على الفطرين Trichophyton rubrum و Microsporum canis

The effect of nanocomposites prepared from the fungus Agaricus bisoporus On the fungi Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis

The current study could be included in attempting studies to find alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of skin fungus. The studies conducted in the graduate laboratory at the Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences at Karbala University and in the Center for the Maintenance and Restoration of Manuscripts and the care of researchers in the Holy Husseini threshold from 1/11/2020 to 1/11/2021. With the aim of studying the effect of the water and alcohol extract of mushrooms Agaricus bisoporus which is registered in the world genetic bank Genbank under the two serial numbers MZ619063.1 and MZ798947.1 and hybrid compounds (AgawNps ، ZnoawNps ، AgaaNps ، ZnoaaNps) on them from the same mushroom mushrooms in inhibiting the growth of skin fungi Trichophyton rubrum and Micros Porum Canis And test different symbols with the fungal antibody Clotrimazole in inhibiting the growth of the two mushrooms that under study. Some tests were carried out on hybrid nanocarriers which is a visual spectrophotometer for ultra violet ray and infrared ray (FT – IR), (XRD) X-ray diffraction, (SEM) Scanning Election Microscope to verify the nano compounds that extracted from alcohol-water fungus. Real time PCR (qrt-PCR) result showed that the gene expression of the Serine protease which related to the Trichophyton rubrum and control group the specific primer of B-TUBULIN where there was a clear decrease in the genetic expression of Serine protease in treatment (1,10)and increased treatment (18,22) compared to the result of gene expression of the control group equivalent to a genetic expression of (fold) chang1). As for the of the Serine protease gene expression for the Microsporum Canis mushrooms and primer of B-TUBULIN control group, there was a clear increase in the expression of Serine protease in both the treatment (27, 24, 13, 9) compared to the result of the gene expression of the control group equivalent to a genetic expression (fold change1). The results showed an inverse relationship between ct values and gene expression, the higher their value, the lower the gene expression (inversely related to the amount of the starting mold that means higher ct value indicates lower levels of gene expression or amplification gene). the various constructions (80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10) prepared from alcoholic and aquatic extracts, hybrid nanocarriers and antifungal. ,and results were obtained by colony diameter Sabourand Dextrose Agar and the colony’s weight on the center of Sabourand Dextrose broth after 14 days of nursing of studied fungi and the study of the shape of the fungal colonies on the Sabrourand Dextrous Agar in addition to preparing microscopic slices. The results showed that hybrid nanocarriers (ZnoaaNps, AgaaNps) influenced in the diameter and dry weight rate of fungal colonies largely in inhibiting the growth of Microsporum Canis, Trichophyton rubrum, and their effect was similar to that of Clotrimazole, while hybrid nanocomposites (AgoawNps, ZnoawNps) had less impact on the diameter rate and dry weight of the innate colonies of the studied fungi. The results also showed that the alcohol and water extract of Agaricus bisoporus did not significantly affect the diameter rate and dry weight of the fungal colonies, but increased the growth rate of diameter and dry weight of the fungal colonies to parallel the control sample. ZnoaaNps hybrid nanocars, AgaaNps were more inhibited at a diameter rate (1, 1.23) respectively for Trichophyton rubrum mushrooms and (1.16, 1.03) respectively for Microsporum Canis mushrooms Whereas The focus was 20% less influential at a diameter of 3.41, while the 50% concentration was the most discouraged at a diameter rate of 2.18%. As for the dry weight of fungal colonies, hybrid nanocarriers (ZnoaaNps, AgaaNps) were the most inhibiting of Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum Canis weighing (0.045, 0.016), respectively, for the Trichophyton rubrum mushrooms and (0.039, 0.019) respectively for Microsporum Canis. The focus effect was 10% less influential at a weight rate of 0.086, while the 50% concentration was the most influential at a weight rate of 0.045. The impact of hybrid nanocars (ZnoawNps, AgawNps) was less influential than the hybrid nanocars of the two fungi ZnoaaNps, AgaaNps, Microsporum Canis, Trichophyton rubrum The most discouraging diameter rate for the Trichophyton rubrum mushrooms (1.56, 1.10) respectively and (0.96, 1.06) respectively for Microsporum mushrooms As for the dry weight of fungal colonies, the ZnoawNps, AgawNps were less influential than the ZnoaaNps hybrid nanocars, AgaaNps, and the dry weight rate of Trichophyton rubrm mushroom colonies was the most discouraged (0.032), 0.016) respectively and(0.040, 0.014) respectively for Microsporum Canis mushrooms The results showed that green alcoholic extracts from zinc and nanoscale silver inhibited the growth of Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum Canis, thus equivalent to the effect of the antifungal Clotrimazole. This study is the first of its kind in the field of converting the alcohol and water extract of Agaricus bisoporus mushrooms into nano-extracts of silver and zinc in inhibiting the growth and effectiveness of skin fungi and working to find alternatives to commonly used antifungals. Several microscopic tests were carried out on the fungi studied and explained the effect of different transactions on fungal azzot and the contrast between decomposition or deformities in fungal spinning and protoplasm separation in some areas and their concentration in other areas in addition to the disappearance of small coonides and deformation of large conidotes, there are internal abnormalities that can be observed during microscopic examination, the most prominent of which was the protoplasm cluster within the fungal cells and the separation of the plasma membrane and another effect that could be observed is the formation of largely verbal types.