تحديد تراكيز اليورانيوم والرادون في عينات دم مختارة لمحافظة كربلاء

Determination of Uranium and Radon Concentrations in Selected Blood Samples of Karbala Governorate

Abstract

In this study, the concentration of Uranium and Radon was measured in blood samples of cancer patients (Leukemia, Digestive System, and Kidney) using the solid-state nuclear to track detector CR-39, with a thickness of 500 μm and an area (1×1) cm2. A total of 115 samples of different ages were collected for examination, including 75 samples from cancer patients and 40 samples from the healthy group. Samples were taken from Al-Hussein Medical City Hospital in Karbala Governorate. The concentration of uranium was measured in 30 samples of children, 25 patients with Leukemia and 5 from the healthy group, where the highest rate of Uranium concentration in the group of pediatric Leukemia patients was 0.874 ppb compared to the healthy group at 0.279 ppb. The other part of the study included measuring Uranium concentration in 60 samples, which are 50 patients with cancer in the Digestive System and Kidneys, and 10 in the healthy group, where the highest rate of uranium concentration in the group of cancer patients at 0.8812.ppb and the control group 0.381ppb. As a result of these concentrations, we say that there is a relationship between Uranium concentration, gender and age The highest concentration of uranium in the group of pediatric Leukemia patients was 1.874 ppb compared to the healthy group at 0.33 ppb The average concentration of Uranium for the group of healthy and patients was 0.279 ppb and 0.874 ppb, respectively, and included The other part of the study measured the concentration of uranium in 60 samples, 50 cancer patients with ( Digestive System, and Kidney) and 10 in the healthy group, where the highest concentration of Uranium was in the cancer patients group. It is at 2.164 ppb and the healthy group is 0.614 ppb. The average concentration of Uranium for the healthy group and patients was 0.335 ppb and 0.8812 ppb, respectively. As a result of these concentrations, we found a relationship between Uranium concentration, gender and age, and we also found the percentage of Uranium concentration in females is higher than in males, where the concentration of Uranium increases in females and males with age the patient.
Radon concentration was measured in 80 blood samples, including 50 samples from cancer patients and 30 samples from healthy controls. After collection, the samples were stored for 60 days in tubes. We used the CR-39 nuclear track detector (2.5 x 2.5) cm2 to measure the trajectory of the alpha particles. The average Radon concentration in the samples of cancer patients was calculated, which Ranged between (5.832-0.348) Bqm-3, as well as the ratio of Radon concentration in the healthy group, and ranged between (2.142-0.244) Bqm-3. We also found that the concentration of Radon gas in males is relatively higher than in females, due to the fact that the percentage of pollution to which males are exposed is higher than that of females.