تقييم الدور الوقائي للمستخلص المائي البارد لاوراق نبات الغار Laurus nobilis على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والنسجية في ذكور الارانب البيض المعاملة بمادة غلوتامات الصوديوم الاحادية

Evolution the Protective Role of Cold Aqueous Extract of Laurus nobilis on some Physiological and Histological Parameters in Male Rabbit Exposed to Monosodium Glutamate

Abstract
The present study amied to study the effect of the protective role for the aqueous extract of Laurus nobilis L. (Bay leaf) leaves in two different concentration to reduce the toxic effects of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) in male rabbit Lepus arcticus and to evaluate their effect by studying some physiological and biochemical on liver tissue .
This study was conducted in both the college of education for pure sciences university kerbala and college of science university of babylon, for the period from the beginning of December 2020 until January 2021. The study involved (30) white males rabbit adult, their average age ranged between (8-12) month and average weight between (1.750-2.100)kg The rabbits were divided in to six groups and administered orally for one month ,the first group orally administered 2 ml of normal saline and considered negative group .the two group administered with a concentration of 15mg /kg of MSG and considered positive group ,the third group was administered with a concentration of 400mg/kg of aqueous extract of Bay leaf plant , the fourth group was administered with a concentration of 400mg/kg of aqueous extract of Bay leaf plant and four hours later administered with MSG concentration of 15 mg/kg ,the fifth group was administered with a concentration of 600mg/kg of aqueous extract of Bay leaf plant and the six group was administered with a concentration of 600 mg/kg of aqueous extract of bay leaf plant and four hours later it was orally administered with MSG at a concentration of 15mg/kg .
The blood samples were collected after 30 days from after the end of experiment period, blood serum was obtained to measure the physiological parameter: Alanine transaminase (AST), Asparate transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphates (ALP) , Blood sugar, ,Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (T.G),low density lipoprotein (LDL) , very low density lipoprotein (V-LDL ),high density lipoprotein (HDL) , white blood cell (WBC) ,Red blood cell (RBC) ,Haemoglobin (Hb) Total protein (TP) , albumin , globulin ,glutathione (GSH) and (MDA).
As well as measuring histological changes in liver which includes measure the average diameters of hepatocyte ,central veins and sinuses.
The oral dosage of MSG-treated rabbits and led to physiological results :-
1-Significant increase (p≤0.05) in the mean level of AST, ALT ,ALP, TC, TG,LDL ,V-LDL ,Blood sugar , WBC and MDA in the positive control group MSG compared with the negative control group
2-Significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the mean level of HB, RBC, HDL , TP, albumin , globulin and GSH in the positive control group MSG compared with the negative control group
3-Significant increase (p≤0.05) in the mean level of HB and HDL and Significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the mean level of ALP,ALT , AST,TC, TG, LDL ,V-LDL, MDA, in the aqueous extract group of Bay leaf plant at a concentration of 400mg/kg compared with negative control group.
4-No Significant (p≥0.05) in the mean level of for all of the above mentioned physiological criteria in the aqueous extract group of Bay leaf plant at a concentration of 400mg/kg treated with MSG compared with negative control group.
5-Significant increase (p≤0.05) in the mean level of HDL, HB and GSH and Significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the mean level of AST, ALT ,ALP, TC, TG, LDL ,V-LDL ,Blood sugar , and MDA in the aqueous extract group of Bay leaf plant at a concentration of 600 mg/kg compared with negative control group.
6-Significant increase (p≤0.05) in the mean level of HDL, and Significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the mean level of ALT, TC, TG, Blood sugar , in the aqueous extract group of Bay leaf plant at a concentration of 600 mg/kg treated with MSG compared with negative control group.
The oral dosage of MSG- treated rabbits and aqueous extract of Bay leaf leaves plant led to histological results:-
1-Significant increase (p≤0.05) in the average of diameter Hepatocytes, Central veins and hepatic Sinusoids in the MSG group compared with the negative control group
2-No Significant (p≥0.05) in the mean diameter of Hepatocytes, Central veins and hepatic Sinusoids in the groups treated 400 -600 mg/kg aqueous extract of Bay leaf plant and as well as no Significant (p≥0.05) in groups treated 400 -600 mg/kg aqueous extract of Bay leaf plant with MSG concentration 15 mg/kg as compared with control group .
3-The presence of congestion and dilation in the central vein , ruplure of cell and expander hepatic sinuses in the group (MSG) compared with the negative control group whose sections were characterized by normal hepatic tissue very similar to the histological structure of the remaining groups.
We conclude from the above that the MSG dosage 15 mg/kg continousuly leads to arisen in physiological parameter such as liver enzymes , lipids, blood sugar and oxidants that are an indicated of a dysfunction in liver and that treatment with the aqueous extract of Bay leaf plant led to improved the physiological function of the liver function and restoration of its natural structure and values of physiological parameters which is due to antioxidants available in Bay leaf plant in addition to containing a high percentage of un saturated fatty acids minerals and vitamins which gave a protective effect for blood and liver tissue .