تقييم الفعالية الحياتية والدور الوقائي لنبات الجعدة Teucruim Polium في ذكور الأرانب Oryctolagus cuniculus المعاملة ببنزوات الصوديوم

Evaluation of the biological efficacy and protective role of Teucruim Polium in Oryctolagus cuniculus male rabbits treated with sodium benzoate .

Abstract
The current study aimed to find out the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium plant to reduce the effect of liver damage caused by the preservative sodium benzoate C6H5OONa in male rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus by studying some biochemical parameters and some physiological changes The study was conducted in the animal house of the College of Pharmacy / University of Karbala for the period from the first of October 2021 until the first of December 2021, 40 male rabbits were used, whose weights ranged from (1000-1500) grams and their ages ranged between (5-11) Approximately a month ago, it was divided into eight groups comprising (5 animals for each group), the first group G1 was considered as a negative control group without treatment and the second group G2 was orally dosed with sodium benzoate at a concentration of 250 (mg/kg) of body weight for 30 days The third groups G3, the fourth G5 and the fifth G6 were dosed orally with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium at a concentration (mg/kg) 150, 200 and 250 respectively daily for 30 days, while the sixth groups G6, seventh G7 and eighth G8 were orally dosed with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium at a concentration of (mg/kg). 150, 200, and 250 respectively, then she was dosed with sodium benzoate at a concentration of 250 (mg/kg) during the same day
Blood samples were collected in the eight groups one month after dosing to measure the following parameters: levels of liver enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkalinephosphatase (ALP), urea (urea), creatinine and blood electrolytes that contained the sodium ion ( Na), Calisum ion (Ca), K) Potassium ion, Catalase enzyme (CAT) antioxidants and GSH glutathione. The parameters of total cholestrol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and weight changes were measured, as well as liver tissue sections were taken for the purpose of studying histological changes, and we obtained the following results:
Oral administration to experimental animals with sodium benzoate daily for 30 days, both functionally and histologically, resulted in:
There was a significant increase at the probability (P<0.05) in ALP, AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, TG and HDL, and a significant decrease at the probability level (P<0.05) in each of GSH, CAT, sodium, potassium, calcium and HDL when compared with the negative control group.
Histological changes in the liver tissue were represented by the occurrence of degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, severe expansion of the sinusoids, congestion and expansion of the central vein and irregularity of the hepatic cords, infiltration of some hepatocytes compared with the negative control group.
As for the oral administration of experimental animals with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium for 30 days in the extract groups, it showed that there was a significant increase at the probability level (P<0.05) in the level of each of GSH, CAT, calcium, LDL and HDL, and no significant difference in the concentration of liver enzymes ALT, AST, urea and creatinine And there was a significant decrease at the probability level (P<0.05) in the concentration of TG, Cholestrol and ALP when compared with the negative control group.
Treatment with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium plant at a concentration of (200,150) mg/kg of body weight for 30 days caused a slight expansion of the central vein, while hepatocytes appeared normally free of any damage, while some liver cords appeared regularly, and the sinusoids appeared normally, while Concentration (250) mg / kg of body weight showed liver tissue closer to its normal shape, the central vein and hepatocytes appeared closer to normal, and some liver cords were regular And sinusoids naturally
The results of the functional criteria of the protective groups showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of GSH, CAT, sodium, potassium, calcium and HDL, and a significant decrease at the probability level (P<0.05) in the concentration of liver enzymes (ALP, AST, ALT), urea, creatine, TG, Cholestrol and LDL. When compared with the positive control group.
The results of the histological examination of the liver tissue in the protective groups treated with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium plant showed that the liver tissue in the protective group with a concentration of (150) mg / kg of body weight showed a slightly enlarged central vein in addition to the irregularity of some liver cords and a slight expansion in the sinusoids. While hepatocytes and their nuclei appeared normally When the liver tissue, upon microscopic examination, showed the protective aggregates with a concentration of (250,200) mg / kg body weight, the central vein was normal and the hepatic cords were regular, in addition to the appearance of hepatocytes, nuclei and sinusoids closer to normal, which made the tissue under study as close as possible to the normal state except It did not prevent the occurrence of some toxic effects of sodium benzoate in the body
The results on weights also showed a decrease in the body weights of animals in the group dosed with sodium benzoate, while the results showed a slight increase in the weights of the extract groups that were dosed with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium in addition to the protective groups that were dosed with aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium in addition to sodium benzoate
We conclude from the current study the extent of the effectiveness of the aqueous extract of Teucruim Polium plant in curbing the activity of free radicals and neutralizing the oxidative stress induced by the preservative sodium benzoate in liver tissue and some functional parameters in male rabbits.