جيمس بيوكانن ودوره السياسي في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية حتى عام 1868

Rp- James Buchanan and his Political Role in the United States of America until 1868.pdf

American history contained many important figures that had ruled and changed the historical way. One of them was James Buchanan whose importance belongs to the significance of his ruling presidency (1857-1861) which incidentally was before a crucial and significant event in the history of that nation, that is the American civil war ( 1861-1865). Therefore, James Buchanan can be considered as one of the prominent figures that received American presidency. Historians and his contemporaries differ in describing his rule. Thus, sometimes, he was the oppressed by the authors and his times writers when he was put in a critical position due to his presidency period that had witnessed most messy and great split to his party ( democratic party), and other times, he was criticized as the disqualified and insufficient person to throne presidency in critical situation in the state. It is worth to mention to mention that James Buchanan has some personal features that made him unbeloved to politicians and people including contrast, hesitation, lack of power or decisiveness merits concerning taking the fateful decisions.
The current study contained introduction, four chapters, and conclusion. The first chapter which was entitled’ James Buchanan, his biography, and beginning of his political career’ has three section. The first was about his birth and growth. The second was about stages of his early life whereas the third was about initials of his political work.
The second chapter which was entitled ‘ his political role during the period between 1832 and 1875’ has four sections. The first section was about his assuming of the American Commission in Russia from 1832 to 1833. The second
section mentioned the economic panic in 1857. The fifth section was about Utah war or Utah campaign from 1857 to 1858. The sixth section stated the foreign policy of James Buchanan.
Finally, the fourth chapter which was entitled ‘ his political role on the evening of south separation and breaking out the civil war from 1860 and 1868 ‘ has fifth sections. The first section was about Covode committee ( Covode investigations). The second section tackled election of 1860 and Buchanan’s stand about separation of the Democratic part. The third section tackled Buchanan’s stand about General Scot’s opinions of the separation. The fourth section was about Buchanan and separation. The fifth section was about his retirement in Wetland and his most political prominent stands.
The study relied on a large group of foreign books, in addition to Arabic and Arabized ones as well as published documents, Arabic and foreign theses and dissertation. A number of the documentary books were added important information including what the author and lawyer George Ticknor Curtis who was a contemporary to the president Buchanan where the book entitled ‘ life of James Buchanan’. It has also two volumes, what Johan Basset Moore wrote under the title ” the works of James Buchanan comprising his speeches states private correspondence’. This is in addition to his biography that jean H. Baker wrote under the title ‘ James Buchanan’. Also what the author R. H. Horton wrote under the title ‘ life and public of James Buchanan’. This is in addition to memories of James Buchanan in Pennsylvania’ and many other important books.