دراسة التأثيرالوقائي للمستخلص المائي البارد لبذور نبات المورينغا اوليفيرا Moringa Oliefera في مستوى بعض الهرمونات التكاثرية وبعض المعايير الفسلجية والنسجية لذكور الجرذ الأبيض Rattus norvegicus المعاملة بكلوريد الكادميوم

Study the protective effect of cold aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds in the level of some reproductive hormones and Some physiological and histological parameters in the male white rats Rattus norvegicus treated with cadmium chloride

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds on some Physiological blood parameters like account of red blood cell ( RBC) ,white blood cell (WBC) and Measured pocket cell volume (P.C.V) and hemogloben (Hb) .Measured the hormonal parameters like tesstosterone ( T), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) . Measured of liver enzyme level like Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate Transaminase (AST). Measured the level of antioxidants like Glutathione (GSH) and oxidants like malondialdehyd (MDA). and histological changes in the testis and epididymis in the male white rats treated with cadmium chloride. This study was carried out in the animal House of College of Pharmacy/ Karbala University and laboratories of the College of Education for Pure Sciences / Karbala University and Al-Fadhel Foundation Labs / Babel , from December 2019 until August 2020.The study included forty adult male rats Rattus norvegicus range average weights between (200-225)gram ,and ranging in age (10-12) weeks. The rat were distributed randomly in to eight groups by (5) males and as follows:G1 control negative group and it was dosed daily with physiological saline solution (NaCl 0.09%) for 30 days ,G2 positive control group was oral dose with the toxic substance Cadmium chloride 5 mg/kg for a 30 days and,G3 was oral dose with aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds( 200) mg/kg for 30 days,G4 dosed orally with aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds ( 200)mg/kg then dosed with Cadmium chloride 5 mg/kg for 30 days,G5 was oral dose with aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds (300) mg/kg for 30 days,G6 was dose orally aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds (300)mg/kg then dosed with Cadmium chloride 5 mg/kg for30 days, G7 dosed orally with aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds (400) mg/kg for 30 days ,G8 dosed orally with aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera seeds (400) mg/kg then dosed with Cadmium chloride 5 mg/kg .The orally dose with Cadmium chloride 5 mg/kg leads to significant decrease (p>0.05) in some blood parameters like RBC,Hg,P.C.V , anti-oxidants level like Glutathione, hormones level like Testosterone, Luteinizing hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone as compared to control group. While the groups that dosed with aqueous extract(200,300,400) mg/kg with Cadmium chloride there was significant increase (p<0.05) in this parameters as compared to Cadmium chloride group .The results of the study also showed significant increase (p<0.05) in WBC numbers ,MDA level ,ALT ,AST in Cadmium chloride group as compared to control group and significant decrease (p>0.05) in this parameters in the groups that dosed with plant extract with Cadmium chloride as compared to positive control group. Also the results showed significant decrease (p>0.05) in sperm concentration ,change in body weight, Testicular weight ratio ,epididymis weight ratio in the group that dosed with Cadmium chloride as compared to control group ,and significant increase (p<0.05) in this parameters in the groups that dosed with plant extract with Cadmium chloride as compared to positive control group. The results of the histological study also showed significant decrease (p>0.05) in the mean diameter seminiferous tubule , the epithelial height , the mean of Sertoli cell diameter, Spermatogonia, Primary Spermatocytes, Spermatids, the mean epididymis tubular diameter and there lumens, , the epithelial height to epididymis in head and teal and significant increase (p<0.05)in seminiferous tubules lumen in the group that dosed with Cadmium chloride as compared to control group ,and significant increase (p<0.05) in this parameters, significant decrease (p>0.05)in seminiferous tubules lumen in the groups that dosed with plant extract with Cadmium chloride as compared to positive control group. The results of a dosing with plant extract only (200,300,400) mg / kg showed there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in some blood parameters like RBC,WBC, HG , P.C.V as compared to control group .and significant increase (p<0.05) in GSH levels in the plant extract groups , and there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in MDA levels, seminiferous tubules lumen in plant extract group(200)mg/kg, and significant decrease in this parameters in the plant extract group(300,400) mg/kg,also there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in AST,ALT,LH in plant extract groups ,and there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the level of hormones FSH,T, epithelial height tail to epididymis ,sperm concentration in plant extract group(200)mg/kg ,while there was significant increase (p<0.05) in this parameters in the plant extract group(300,400) mg/kg. and there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in change in body weight, Testicular weight ratio, the mean of Sertoli cell diameter ,and significant increase (p<0.05) in epididymis weight ratio, Primary Spermatocytes in the plant extract groups. Also the results showed there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the epithelial height, Spermatogonia, Spermatids, epididymis diameter and there lumens and the epithelial height to epididymis in head in the aqueous extract group(200, 300) mg/kg ,and significant increase (p<0.05) in this parameters in the aqueous extract group(400) mg/kg as compared to control group.