دراسة فسلجية و نسجية للدور الوقائي للمستخلص المائي لفاكهة التنين الحمراء في خصى و برابخ ذكور الجرذان البيض المعاملة برباعي كلوريد الكاربون

Rp_ Physiological and histological study of the protective role of aqueous extract of red dragon fruit in testes and epididymis of white male.. pdf

Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of red dragon fruit Hylocereus polyrhizus on histological changes in testes and epididymis and some physiological blood parameters in white male rats Rattus Norvegicus Treatment with carbon tetrachloride.
The current study was conducted in the animal house of the College of Pharmacy / University of Karbala for the period from November of the year 2020 until January of the year 2021, 36 adult male white rats were used, with average weights ranging (250-310) gm and ages between (11- 13) Approximately a week, the rats were randomly distributed to six groups (6 animals in each group). The first group G1 was the negative control group, which was dosed orally and daily with physiological solution (NaCl 0.09%) for 30 days, and the second group G2 was injected subperitoneally With carbon tetrachloride at a concentration of 0.1 ml / 100 gm of body weight for two days a week for the duration of the experiment, the third group G3 and the fourth G4 were dosed orally with aqueous extract of red dragon fruit at a concentration of 350 and 650 (mg/kg) respectively daily for 30 days, as for the fifth group G5 and sixth G6, they were administered orally with aqueous extract of red dragon fruit at a concentration of 350 and 650 (mg/kg), respectively, then injected under the peritoneal membrane with carbon tetrachloride at a concentration of 0.1 ml / 100 g of body weight after an hour. from dosing.
Blood samples were collected in the six groups after one month of dosing and injection to measure the following parameters:
Malonadialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), sperm concentration, as well as test for epididymal tissue samples for the purpose. Studying the histological changes on it by measuring the average diameters of the seminiferous tubules and their cavities, spermatogonial cells, primary spermatogonia, blastoblasts, Sertoli cells, average thickness of the germ layer of seminiferous tubules, measuring the average diameters of each of the epididymis and its cavities and the rate of height of the epididymis The results of our current study showed functionally and histologically to:
The injection of carbon tetrachloride at a concentration of 0.1 ml / 100 g of body weight (positive control) led to a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of GSH, and the level of hormones including (T), (LH), and (FSH) hormones, as well as In the sperm concentration with a significant increase (P<0.05) for (MDA) in comparison with the negative control group.
Histological changes in the testis tissue were also represented by the presence of a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the average thickness of the germ layer and the average diameter of each of the seminiferous tubules, progenitor cells, primary spermatogonia, spermatoblasts and Sertoli cells, and a significant increase
(P < 0.05). In the average diameter of the lumen of the seminiferous tubules compared with the negative control group, as well as the occurrence of sloughing and damage to the layers of cells that make up sperm, necrosis and degeneration of cells lining the seminiferous tubules and lack of sperm, as for the epididymis tissue, a significant decrease (P<0.05) was observed in The average diameter of each of the epididymis and its cavities, the rate of the height of the epididymal epithelium, as well as the destruction of the epithelial cells lining the tube, the degeneration of some cells, and the absence of their cavities of sperm, with clear spaces between the epididymal tubes and the lack of smooth muscle surrounding the tube.
Oral dosing with aqueous extract of red dragon fruit at a concentration of 350, 650 (mg/kg) only led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in the mean concentration of (GSH) and the level of hormones that include (T), (LH), (FSH) hormones. As well as in the concentration of sperm and a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the mean concentration of (MDA) compared with the negative control group, while it did not cause histological changes in the testes and epididymis tissues of rats that were dosed with the extract with both concentrations compared with the control group.
The results of the current study also showed in the protective groups treated with aqueous extract of red dragon fruit at a concentration of 350, 650 (mg/kg) with carbon tetrachloride, a significant increase (P<0.05) in both (GSH) and the level of hormones that include (T), (LH), (FSH) hormone as well as in the concentration of sperm with a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration of (MDA) compared to the carbon tetrachloride group.
The results of the histological examination of the testicular tissues also showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the average levels of the diameters of the seminiferous tubules, the average thickness of the germ layer, the average diameters of spermatozoa, primary spermatozoa, spermatoblasts and Sertoli cells, and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the average diameter of the lumen. The seminiferous tubule compared with the carbon tetrachloride group, and a clear improvement was closer to normal for the seminiferous tubules with the presence of Leydek cells. As for the epididymis tissue, a significant increase (P<0.05) was observed in the mean diameters of each of the epididymis and its cavities and the rate of height of the epididymal epithelium, and an improvement Clear in the epididymis tissue, the tissue appeared close to normal for the epididymal tubules, and the number of sperm increased in the lumen of the epididymal canal, with the presence of static cilia and smooth muscle cells surrounding the tubules.

We conclude from this study the effectiveness of the aqueous extract of red dragon fruit in inhibiting the activity of free radicals and neutralizing the oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrachloride in testis and epididymis tissues and some functional parameters in white male rats.