دور السياسة المالية في مواجهة التلوث البيئي في العراق وامكانية الاستفادةمن بعض التجارب الدولية

the Role of fiscal policy in the face of environmental pollution in Iraq, with possibility to take advantage of some international experience

Abstract :

The environmental pollution of the big problems facing the world recently and so what caused the serious negative effects on the environment in general  and the man himself, in particular, the pollution occurs as a result of the exercise of various economic activities and what is produced by these activities of effects on the environment and society. The problem has grown with the scientific and technical development that has accompanied the industrial enterprises of the excessive use of energy sources on the one hand and the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,on the other hand ,in addition to wars and the legacy of the effects resulting from the use of depleted uranium in military operations. All this led to a distortion of the natural environment parameters and reflected seriously on society and life in general. The problem of environmental pollution to covert a lot of different environmental resource of water , air and soil from being free goods into economic goods is displayd relativism is expected to exacerbate that economic progress is accompanied by an increase in costs that need to be carried to keep the environment clean and economists differentiate between the cost of private and social cost. In principle it can control or reduce the pollution caused by economic activity through multiple policies and the most important is the policy of state intervention, directly or indirectly through their instruments economic such as taxes , subsidies and spending . And Iraq,a country which has suffered over the pastthree decades and continues to suffer from the problem of environmental pollution as a result of matard him from the wars and the neglect and poverty, destruction and other reflected negatively on the Iraq environment as well as economic activities and methods which are the other have reflected on the aggravation of this problem . 1- Iraq suffers from a significant deterioration in the natural environment (air,water and soil) An important reasons for this decline are the three destructive wars it. 2- Stand against the challenges and the environment and development is through metaphor experiences of developed countries that have succeeded in the sustainability of their environment and sustainable development through the activation of fiscal policy tools .