مرويات عوانة بن الحكم عن الفتوحات الاسلامية (11-132ه/632-749م) دراسة تاريخية

NARRATIVES OF AWANA BIN AL-HAKAM ABOUT THE ISLAMIC CONQUESTS (11-132 AH / 632-749 AD) A HISTORICAL STUDY

Abstract

After God Almighty bestowed upon the Islamic nation the honorable Messenger Muhammad, who saved mankind from the darkness of ignorance to the radiance of light, and whose rays shone across the earth, east and west, Muslims set out after his death (may God bless him and his family) in the year (11AH/633AD) to complete What he started, the Rightly-Guided Caliphs proceeded after him to conduct military campaigns to conquer the cities one after the other, bearing the message of peace that Islam brought. The campaigns went to competent leaders, so they set out with a firm belief, their ultimate goal was to spread Islam, and after several campaigns, the Muslims were able to liberate the Arab cities, and when the Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab (13-23 AH/635-644AD) took over the foundations that It was put in place by the Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), and he completed what the Caliph Abu Bakr had begun during his period of wisdom, and was able to achieve great achievements. Years, his successor Uthman bin Affan (24-36 AH / 645-657 ) continued AD) After the death of Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, that jihad march and Muslims penetrated the eastern lands to the borders of China, and after the death of Caliph Othman Ibn Affan Imam Ali () (36-40 AH/657-661 AD) took over the reins of the caliphate, and the Islamic nation was ravaged Civil war between Muslims as a result of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan’s departure from the Levant Army under the pretext of asking for the blood of Caliph Othman, which forced Imam Ali () not to continue the Islamic conquest, and with the end of the era of the Rashidun Caliphate, the era of the Umayyad Caliphate began, after Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan took over the reins of power In the Arab Islamic state, he worked to continue the conquest, and it is worth saying that the conquests on the eastern side of the Arab Islamic State during the era of the Umayyad Caliphate were not the level of conquest in the era of the Rashidun Caliphate, as it was a re-conquest of areas that were previously conquered.
The narrators transmitted these conquests, and among them is Awana bin Al-Hakam, who transmitted twelve narrations about the Islamic conquests, distributed between the Rashidi era (11-40 AH / 632-660 AD) and the Umayyad period (41-132 AH / 661-749 AD). Awana bin Al-Hakam was one of the first narrators who laid the basic foundation for the science of history in the Arab Islamic state, as Awana bin Al-Hakam had two authors. As for the second book, it bore the title (History), which is also considered one of the lost books and is considered the beginning of the science of history for Muslims. This book is considered the first historical book bearing the name (The History Book) in Islam.
The study, which is the subject of the research, dealt with the narrations of Awana bin Al-Hakam about the Islamic conquests that historians quoted in their books.
As for the limits of the study, it included the Rashidun and Umayyad covenants for the period from (11-132 AH/632-749).
The study was divided into an introduction, followed by three chapters, followed by a conclusion and a list of sources and references used in the research. 40 AH / 632 – 660 AD, as for the third chapter, it was marked with (Awana ibn al-Hakam’s narrations about the Arab Islamic conquest during the Umayyad era.