موقف العامة من الخوارج الإباضية في بلاد المغرب حتى منتصف القرن الرابع الهجري

Sunis Cast's Stand from Ibadi Kharijite in Maghreb until the Middle of the Fourth Hijri Century

The studies that were interested in studying history of Islamic Maghreb land including its historical stages were repeated due to the great impact that this region carries in all Islamic history. The current thesis was devoted to study ” Sunis Cast’s Stand from Ibadi in Maghreb until the Middle of the Fourth Hijri Century”. It concentrated on Suni cast in Maghreb land and showed their stand from Ibadi whether the stand was with or against them and clarified the stages that Suni cast passed through from the beginning of spread the Ibadi cast in Maghreb land up to its decline in particular areas within the middle of Fourth Hijri Century.
The thesis was divided in introduction, a preface, four chapters, and conclusion. The introduction mentioned the reason behind choosing the topic and obstacles the researcher faced, and the most important references and work cited that we relied on in writing the thesis.
In the preface, we clarified the concept of Suni cast, what people can be considered Suni and what are the social groups that included in this concept. This is, in addition to an attempt to state the geographical boundaries to Islamic Maghreb land according to the theories of Arab Muslim historians, geographers, and others.
The first chapter was devoted to study Ibadi mission in Maghreb land, its roots, its apostles, the most prominent tribes that is folded To this mission that have great influence in carrying its flag, and the historical reasons that old, modern orientalists historians about accepting the mission by the Suni Cast.
The second chapter studies the Suni cast’s stand from Ibadi movements in Maghreb land and what great impact they had in supporting Ibadi power, where they could establish Ibadi state in Tripoli under the leadership of Abu Al Khettab Al Me’afri. However. Rulers of regions did not accept the situation, so they killed Abu Al Khettab Al Me’afri and Ibadi dream in establishing a state in Lower Maghreb was demolished.
In the third chapter, we mentioned the events that made Ibadi leaders to head towards Middle Maghreb to establish a state by the help of the tribes that inhabited the area as well as those to travel to this area, and could establish their state in Tahert under the leadership of Abdul Rehman Bin Rustum that was known later by Rustumi Ibadi state. We discover the Suni cast’s stand towards establishing and falling this state.
The fourth chapter was about the Suni cast’s stand after falling of Rustumi Abadi state by Fatimids and the revolutions against them, especially, the most Suni cast stand in Morocco land did not accept Ismaili cast that Fatimids believe in. Thus, they had several rebels and the most prominent one was when all different Suni casts participated in the movement of Ibi Yazid Mukheled Bin Keydad Al Zentani which was about to fall Fatimid state if the divisions that took place in the Suni cast of Ibi Zaid’s front which spoiled the movement. So, most Ibadi spread in Maghreb land in different areas were Waha, Rejlan, Jerbah land, and Mizab valy. This weakened their strength, lived in isolation of the political events in Maghreb land. They retreated keeping the instructions of Ibadi cast. At the end, we mentioned the most important results that the study reached at.