الآيات النازِلة بِحَق الإِمام عَلي(عَلَيهِ السَلام) فِي كِتاب شَواهِد التَنزيل لِقواعِد التَفضيل للحَاكم الحَسْكَاني-عَرض وَدِراسَة-

The Verses Revealed Regarding Al- Imam Ali (PBUH) in the Book of “Shawāhid al-Tanzīl li-Qawāʿid al-Tafdīl” by al-Ḥākim al-Ḥaskānī: A Study and a Presentation

Abstract
It is essential to begin by declaring that the main focus of this research is centered on the book of “Shawāhid al-Tanzīl by al-Ḥākim al-Ḥaskānī”, specifically regarding the Qur’anic verses revealed about Ahl- al-Bayt (PBUT), within the disciplines of Qur’anic Sciences and Prophetic legacy (‘Asbāb al-Nuzūl’ – the circumstances of revelation).
The study comes to show that “Shawāhid al-Tanzīl” holds a significant value in promoting the love for Ahl- al-Bayt (PBUT) and fostering rapprochement among Islamic schools of thought. The work is devoted to verses revealed concerning Ahl- al-Bayt (PBUT), wherein al-Ḥākim cites 350 verses, clarifying through authentic Prophetic traditions that they were revealed in reference to Imam Ali and Ahl- al-Bayt (PBUT). Furthermore, he presents 1,172 narrations with complete and elevated chains of transmission explaining the meanings and causes of the revelation of these verses. Moreover, Al-Ḥākim also clarified that Muslims are unanimously agreed—based on the most authoritative sources from both Sunni and Shiʿa traditions—on the obligation of loving the Prophet’s sacred family (peace and blessings be upon them all). He composed this work as a refutation of the fabrications and slanders propagated by the followers of Ibn Karrām against Ahl- al-Bayt (PBUT). The study further demonstrates that al-Ḥākim belonged to one of the prominent Ḥanafī families and was a highly regarded and trustworthy hadith scholar. His lineage traces back to the noble Companion ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿĀmir ibn Kurayz who narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) the hadith:)(“Whoever is killed defending his property is a martyr.” (( His father, ʿĀmir, was the son of al-Bayḍāʾ bint ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, the paternal aunt of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). Al-Ḥākim, in his explanation of the circumstances of revelation (Asbāb al-Nuzūl), relies on the primary sources of Islamic legislation: the Noble Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah, following the methodology of Asbāb al-Nuzūl and traditional (narrative-based) exegesis.
There are three known manuscript copies of the book Shawāhid al-Tanzīl. Two of these are particularly notable: one is referred to as the Kermānī manuscript, named after the city of Kerman in Iran, and the other as the Yamānī manuscript, attributed to the region of Yemen. This scholarly work was critically edited based on the content of these two manuscripts by Shaykh Muḥammad Bāqir al-Maḥmūdī (may Allah have mercy on him). Additionally, the scholar also noted the existence of a third manuscript copy located in northern Iraq, preserved in the religious endowments (awqāf) of the city of Sulaymaniyah. However, due to the prevailing circumstances in Iraq at the time, it was not possible for the editor to obtain access to it. To conclude, it can be said that; “Shawāhid al-Tanzīl” compilation is characterized by its complete and elevated chains of transmission—free from interruption or disconnection—linked directly to the infallible Imams. These narrations are transmitted through prominent Companions, Successors (Tābiʿīn), and reliable authorities, via leading scholars in hadith and exegesis from both Sunni and Shiʿa traditions. The content of these hadiths is distinguished by its conformity with the Noble Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah.