التشوهات المعرفية وعلاقتها بالاكتئاب والشعور بالوحدة النفسية لدى طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية

Cognitive distortions and their relationship to depression and loneliness of Secondary stage Students

The Purpose of current research to identify the cognitive distortions when students Secondary stage, and statistical differences in distortions cognitive depending on the variable sex and specialization, and identify the level of depression among the students of middle school, and statistical differences according to gender and specialization, as well as to identify the loneliness students of students Secondary and finding correlation between cognitive distortions, depression and loneliness.

The research sample included the current (351) male and female students from the fifth Secondary two branches of scientific and literary.

In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher built a measure of cognitive distortions author of eight areas on the basis of the theory (Beck) and the adoption of a measure (Beck Depression Scale) (al_saati, 1990) of the loneliness.

Has calculated the standard characteristics of the standards of validity and reliability, but honesty in three ways: face validity and construct validity and Intrinsic validity , and stability has been verified my way Test-Retest and Alfa-Gronbauch.

The researcher has applied its own standards on research and sample after collection and processing of data statistically using t- test for one sample and two independent samples and Pearson correlation coefficient, reached the following results:

1. That Secondary stage students suffer from cognitive distortions, and that females are more distorted than males, while not for specialization (Science – literary) role in cognitive distortions among Secondary stage students.
2. That Secondary stage students suffer from depression, and that females are more distorted than males, while not for specialization (Science – literary) in the role of depression in Secondary stage students.
3. That Secondary stage students suffer from loneliness, and there are significant differences according to gender (males – females) and in favor of females, while not for specialization (Science – literary) role in the psychological sense of unity among Secondary stage students.
4. And the presence of a statistically significant relationship between cognitive distortions and both depression and loneliness among Secondary stage students

In light of these results, the researcher has developed a number of recommendations, including:

• Focus on programs that highlight the correct thinking skills, especially oriented to women in all media.
• Attention to the correct sexual stereotyping process.

And complement current research researcher suggested a number of proposals, including:

• conduct a study similar to the current study on samples from different stages of study.
• conduct a comparative study similar to the current study among the students of the countryside and the city.